原创

Spring Boot集成SpEL快速入门demo

1.什么SPEL？

Spring Expression Language（简称 SpEL）是一种强大的表达式语言，支持在运行时查询和操作对象图。语言语法类似于 Unified EL，但提供了额外的特性，最显著的是方法调用和基本的字符串模板功能。

SpEL主要功能

文字表达式
布尔和关系运算符
正则表达式
类表达式
访问 properties, arrays, lists, maps
方法调用
关系运算符
参数
调用构造函数
Bean 引用
构造 Array
内嵌 lists
内嵌 maps
三元运算符
变量
用户定义的函数
集合投影
集合筛选
模板表达式

2.代码工程

实验目标：实现属性注入文件，lis和进行逻辑运算

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.et</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>SpEL</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.7</version>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
</project>

bean

读取属性文件，然后表达式注入list

@Value("#{'${server.name}'.split(',')}")
private List<String> servers;

下面是一些常见的例子，更多的可以去官网看详细的文档，这里只给一个基本的入门

package com.et.spel.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class BaseValueInject {
    @Value("normal")
    private String normal; // 注入普通字符串
 
    @Value("#{systemProperties['os.name']}")
    private String systemPropertiesName; // 注入操作系统属性
 
    @Value("#{ T(java.lang.Math).random() * 100.0 }")
    private double randomNumber; //注入表达式结果
 
    @Value("#{beanInject.another}")
    private String fromAnotherBean; // 注入其他Bean属性：注入beanInject对象的属性another，类具体定义见下面
 
    @Value("classpath:config.txt")
    private Resource resourceFile; // 注入文件资源
 
    @Value("http://www.baidu.com")
    private Resource testUrl; // 注入URL资源


    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BaseValueInject{" +
                "normal='" + normal + '\'' +
                ", systemPropertiesName='" + systemPropertiesName + '\'' +
                ", randomNumber=" + randomNumber +
                ", fromAnotherBean='" + fromAnotherBean + '\'' +
                ", resourceFile=" + resourceFile +
                ", testUrl=" + testUrl +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.et.spel.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class BeanInject {
    @Value("another sss")
    private String another;
 
    public String getAnother() {
        return another;
    }
 
    public void setAnother(String another) {
        this.another = another;
    }
}

application.yaml

server:
  port: 8088
  name: aaa,bbb,ccc

https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo

3.测试

package com.et.spel;

import com.et.spel.controller.BaseValueInject;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.expression.Expression;
import org.springframework.expression.ExpressionParser;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.standard.SpelExpressionParser;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class)
public class DemoTests {
    private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());


    @Before
    public void before() {
        log.info("init some data");
    }

    @After
    public void after() {
        log.info("clean some data");
    }

    @Test
    public void execute() {
        log.info("your method test Code");
    }

    @Test
    public void stringSpel() {
        ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
        Expression exp = parser.parseExpression("'Hello World'");
        String message = (String) exp.getValue();
        log.info(message);
    }

    @Test
    public void stringSpelConcat() {
        ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
        Expression exp = parser.parseExpression("'Hello World'.concat('!')");
        String message = (String) exp.getValue();
        log.info(message);
    }

    @Autowired
    private BaseValueInject baseValueInject;

    @Test
    public void baseValueInject() {
        System.out.println(baseValueInject.toString());

    }
}

运行测试类，返回

2024-05-22 21:00:51.081 INFO 1868 --- [ main] com.et.spel.DemoTests : init some data
BaseValueInject{normal='normal', systemPropertiesName='Mac OS X', randomNumber=7.041399882847799, fromAnotherBean='another sss', resourceFile=class path resource [config.txt], testUrl=URL [http://www.baidu.com]}
2024-05-22 21:00:51.085 INFO 1868 --- [ main] com.et.spel.DemoTests : clean some data