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Nginx - Windows下Nginx初入门

公司刚使用nginx,预先学习下。鉴于机器没有Linux环境,在Windows熟悉下。

下载

目前(2015-07-11),nginx的稳定版本是1.8.0,在官网下载先, windows版的nginx1.8.0

这是一个zip文件,解压后即可使用

启动

绿色文件,无须安装,直接即可启动。

据我所知,3种启动途径,其实都类似:

一、双击nginx.exe图标,可见黑窗口一闪而过,启动完毕。

二、命令行到nginx目录,输入nginx启动。(注,此方式命令行窗口无任何提示,且被锁定)

三、命令行到nginx目录,输入start nginx启动,此方式不锁定

启动后,默认情况下(无修改配置),可见到有两个nginx的进程,一个是master process,一个是worker processes。

测试

默认nginx部署了些静态内容,我们可通过它测试nginx是否在工作。

默认的配置文件(NGINX_HOME/conf/nginx.conf)如下:

Nginx - Windows下Nginx初入门
#user  nobody; worker_processes  1; #error_log  logs/error.log; #error_log  logs/error.log  notice; #error_log  logs/error.log  info; #pid  logs/nginx.pid; events {  worker_connections  1024; } http {  include    mime.types;  default_type  application/octet-stream;  #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '  #      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '  #      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';  #access_log  logs/access.log  main;  sendfile  on;  #tcp_nopush  on;  #keepalive_timeout  0;  keepalive_timeout  65;  #gzip  on;  server {   listen    80;   server_name  localhost;   #charset koi8-r;   #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;   location / {    root   html;    index  index.html index.htm;   }   #error_page  404     /404.html;   # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html   #   error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;   location = /50x.html {    root   html;   }   # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80   #   #location ~ /.php$ {   # proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;   #}   # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000   #   #location ~ /.php$ {   # root     html;   # fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;   # fastcgi_index  index.php;   # fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;   # include  fastcgi_params;   #}   # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root   # concurs with nginx's one   #   #location ~ //.ht {   # deny  all;   #}  }  # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration  #  #server {  # listen    8000;  # listen    somename:8080;  # server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;  # location / {  #  root   html;  #  index  index.html index.htm;  # }  #}  # HTTPS server  #  #server {  # listen    443 ssl;  # server_name  localhost;  # ssl_certificate   cert.pem;  # ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;  # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;  # ssl_session_timeout  5m;  # ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;  # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;  # location / {  #  root   html;  #  index  index.html index.htm;  # }  #} } 
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通过观察配置文件的非注释项(参考 Nginx配置文件nginx.conf中文详解 ),大概可知:

1、启动了1个worker processes

2、worker_connections,最大并发数为1024

3、include mime.types,引入mime.types文件所声明的文件扩展名与文件类型映射

4、application/octet-stream,默认使用application/octet-stream

5、sendfile,开启高效文件传输模式

6、监听本机“localhost”的80端口

7、映射目录为“当前目录的html目录”

8、出现500、502、503、504错误,则映射到50x.html

浏览地址http://localhost,即可访问其默认页面,即映射到NGINX_HOME/html/index.html

其他静态内容,如html、图片,可自行添加测试。

日志

日志默认位于NGINX_HOME/logs/,可见:

1、access.log,访问日志

2、error.log,异常日志

3、nginx.pid,进程(仅在启动nginx后才有此日志)

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