1、问题展现
应用端登录出现Too many connections报错
检查发现mysql数据库服务端已经达到了max_connections上限
mysql> show variables like 'max_connections';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| max_connections | 1900 |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show processlist;
已经达到了1900会话数。
thread_pool设置并不能阻止会话数的上升。
mysql> show variables like 'thread_pool%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| thread_pool_algorithm | 0 |
| thread_pool_high_priority_connection | 0 |
| thread_pool_max_unused_threads | 0 |
| thread_pool_prio_kickup_timer | 1000 |
| thread_pool_size | 16 |
| thread_pool_stall_limit | 6 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、问题处理
重启mysql的服务。重启完mysql服务后,的确mysql的session数下降了,但是很快会话数又上升到了1900。
判断并不是mysql的服务器端的会话没释放,而是application端的会话没释放。
重启application的两台服务器,mysql的会话数恢复正常。
3、结论
先来看看mysql服务器端的会话保持时间:
mysql> show variables like '%wait_timeout%';
+--------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------+
| innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 |
| lock_wait_timeout | 31536000 |
| wait_timeout | 28800 |
+--------------------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like '%interactive_timeout%';
+---------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------+
| interactive_timeout | 28800 |
+---------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
interactive_timeout:服务器关闭交互式连接前等待活动的秒数。交互式客户端定义为在mysql_real_connect()中使用CLIENT_INTERACTIVE选项的客户端。又见wait_timeout
wait_timeout:服务器关闭非交互连接之前等待活动的秒数。在线程启动时,根据全局wait_timeout值或全局interactive_timeout值初始化会话wait_timeout值,取决于客户端类型(由mysql_real_connect()的连接选项CLIENT_INTERACTIVE定义),又见interactive_timeout
如此看来,两个变量是共同控制的,那么都必须对他们进行修改了。继续深入这两个变量wait_timeout的取值范围是1-2147483(Windows),1-31536000(linux),interactive_time取值随wait_timeout变动,它们的默认值都是28800。
MySQL的系统变量由配置文件控制,当配置文件中不配置时,系统使用默认值,这个28800就是默认值。要修改就只能在配置文件里修改。Windows下在%MySQL HOME%/bin下有mysql.ini配置文件,打开后添加两个变量,赋值。
要解决这个问题:
1、
Use connection pooling at client side (in MySQL Connector) to reduce the number of active connections between the client and the server.
是在客户端安装
MySQL Connector
2、
Improve the application design to reduce the number of active connections needed and to reduce the time the connection has to stay active.
从应用端去降低并发数,减少每个会话的保持时间
3、
Increase the number of connections handled by MySQL server by adjusting max_connections (keep in mind that this consumes additional RAM and is still limited)
在mysql服务器端增加最大连接数设置,不过会消耗大量内存
建议用第二种方法。因为当前应用会话保持时间是10分钟,建议降低这个数值。