上篇和大家学习了spring cloud 如何整合reids,在测试时借用了web形式的restful接口进行的。那还有没有别的方式可以对spring boot和spring cloud编写的代码进行单元测试呢?答案:肯定是有的。这篇讲解一下如何使用 spring-boot-starter-test进行单元测试
1、新建项目sc-test,对应的pom.xml文件如下
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>spring-cloud</groupId> <artifactId>sc-test</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>sc-test</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Finchley.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> --> </dependencies> </project>
说明:只要使用spring-boot-starter-test即可,该jar已经包含spring-boot-test
2、新建spring boot启动类
package sc.test; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class TestApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args); } }
备注:如果没有该类,spring-test启动将报错,见下图
3、新建操作redis的配置类
package sc.test.config; import java.io.Serializable; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureAfter; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer; @Configuration @AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class) public class RedisCacheAutoConfiguration { @Bean public RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) { RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> template = new RedisTemplate<>(); //键的序列化方式 template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); //值的序列化方式 template.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()); template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory); return template; } }
4、新建配置文件application.yml
server: port: 9005 spring: application: name: sc-redis redis: host: 127.0.0.1 password: port: 6379 timeout: 10000 # 连接超时时间(毫秒) database: 0 # Redis默认情况下有16个分片,这里配置具体使用的分片,默认是0 lettuce: pool: max-active: 8 # 连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制) 默认 8 max-wait: -1 # 连接池最大阻塞等待时间(使用负值表示没有限制) 默认 -1 max-idle: 8 # 连接池中的最大空闲连接 默认 8 min-idle: 0 # 连接池中的最小空闲连接 默认 0
5、新建测试类TestRedis.java
package sc.test.unit; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.stream.IntStream; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import sc.test.model.User; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class TestRedis { private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestRedis.class); @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; @Autowired private RedisTemplate<String, Serializable> redisCacheTemplate; @Test public void get() { // 测试线程安全 // ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1000); // IntStream.range(0, 1000).forEach(i -> // executorService.execute(() -> stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().increment("kk", 1)) // ); stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key", "{'name':'huangjinjin', 'age':30}"); final String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("key"); log.info("[字符缓存结果] - [{}]", value); String key = "manage:user:1"; User u = new User(); u.setId(1L); u.setAge(30); u.setPosition("cto"); u.setUserName("good boy"); redisCacheTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, u); //从缓存获取User对象 final User user = (User) redisCacheTemplate.opsForValue().get(key); log.info("[对象缓存结果] - userName={}, age={}, position={}", // user.getUserName(), user.getAge(), user.getPosition()); } }
6、进行测试
(1)reids server没有启动时,运行TestRedis.java(右键选择Junit Test)
连接不上Reids server异常
(2)reids server启动后时,运行TestRedis.java,出现绿条说明执行代码成功
日志中打印相关数据,说明数据也存贮到redis server中
7、使用redis-cli验证数据是否正在存档redis server中
有了spring-boot-starter-test,就可以不使用restful接口对spring boot写的接口进行单元测试了。不但可以测试redis,也可以测试数据库的增删查改。可以使用spring中的各种注解,注入对象。