Ubuntu12.04 Git 服务器详细配置

准备工作，为了不改变计算机的环境，我们新增家一个用户：

User Name:git

Password:git

切换用户:su git

3.安装git和openssh：

git@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~$ sudo apt-get install git-core openssh-server openssh-client

OK，没有报错，通过设置！

初始化git邮箱

git@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~/repo$ sudo git config --global user.email “tengfei@10.255.13.253“ 

10.切换到gitadmin用户下：

light-server@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~$ su gitadmin

密码：

$

我在我的电脑上，用户为：wuzhang@ubuntu:$

生成ssh公钥。

wuzhang@ubuntu~:$ ssh -keygen -t rsa

OK,生成公钥成功！

复制到远程主机上，这就考验我们Linux 命令的基础了。还好大一linux学的还不错！

scp 本地文件 远端主机：存储路径

在git服务器上，更改权限：

git@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:/tmp/gitosis$ sudo chmod a+r /tmp/id_rsa.pub

light-server@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:/home$ sudo -i

目录切换：

root@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:/home/git# cd repositories/

root@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:/home/git/repositories# ls

gitosis-admin.git

root@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:/home/git/repositories# cd gitosis-admin.git

root@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:/home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git# ls

config gitosis.conf gitosis-export HEAD hooks index objects refs

我建了一个叫“teamwork”的仓库。切换到gitadmin用户：

gitadmin@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~$ mkdir teamwork.git

gitadmin@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~$ cd teamwork.git/

gitadmin@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~/teamwork.git$

git的初始化：

gitadmin@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~/teamwork.git$ git init --bare

Initialized empty Git repository in /home/gitadmin/teamwork.git/

gitadmin@lightserver-GREATWALL-PC:~/teamwork.git$

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work$ sudo git clone root@10.255.13.253:/home/git/repositories/gitosis-admin.git

Cloning into 'gitosis-admin'...

root@10.255.13.253's password:

remote: Counting objects: 5, done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.

remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 5 (delta 0)

Receiving objects: 100% (5/5), done.

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work$

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/gitosis-admin$ cd keydir/

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/gitosis-admin/keydir$ ls

wuzhang@ubuntu.pub

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/gitosis-admin/keydir$

wuzhang@ubuntu 上用户权限配置使用vi编辑器打开：

[gitosis]

[group gitosis-admin]

members = wuzhang@ubuntu

writable = gitosis-admin

members = wuzhang@10.255.13.253 light-server@10.255.13.253

[group hello]

writable = teamwork

members = lijiangkun@server b git@10.258.13.100

[group hello_ro]

readonly = teamwork

members = lz

这个配置文件表达了如下含义：gitosis-admin组成员有wuzhang@ubuntu, wuzhang@10.255.13.100， light-server@10.255.13.253

该组对gitosis-admin仓库有读写权限；

team组有lijinagkun@server，b两个成员.该组对teamwork仓库有读写权限；

team_ro组有lz一个成员，对teamwork仓库有只读权限

在 wuzhang@ubuntu 上创建一hello.txt的测试文档：

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/teamwork_project$ echo "Test git server. " > hello.txt

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/teamwork_project$ ls -al

总用量 16

drwxrwxr-x 3 wuzhang wuzhang 4096 5月 13 18:08 .

drwxrwxr-x 4 wuzhang wuzhang 4096 5月 13 18:07 ..

drwxrwxr-x 7 wuzhang wuzhang 4096 5月 13 18:07 .git

-rw-rw-r-- 1 wuzhang wuzhang 18 5月 13 18:09 hello.txt

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/teamwork_project$

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/gitosis-admin# git add .

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/gitosis-admin# git commit -m "add teamwork and user for git server"

[master 51a4055] add teamwork and user for git server

Committer: root <root@ubuntu.ubuntu-domain>

Your name and email address were configured automatically based

on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.

You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/teamwork_project$ git commit -m "initial version"

# On branch master

#

# Initial commit

#

# Untracked files:

# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)

#

# hello.txt

nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

wuzhang@ubuntu:~/work/teamwork_project$

添加远端服务器的地址：

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/teamwork_project# git remote add origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:/home/gitadmin/teamwork.git

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/teamwork_project# git remote -v

origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:/home/gitadmin/teamwork.git (fetch)

origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:/home/gitadmin/teamwork.git (push)

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/teamwork_project#

提交文件到服务器:

lroot@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/gitosis-admin# git remote -v

origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git (fetch)

origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git (push)

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/gitosis-admin# git push -f origin master

gitadmin@10.255.13.253's password:

Counting objects: 9, done.

Delta compression using up to 4 threads.

Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done.

Writing objects: 100% (9/9), 1.12 KiB, done.

Total 9 (delta 1), reused 4 (delta 0)

To gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git

* [new branch] master -> master

root@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/gitosis-admin#

换个用户，测试下是否可以从服务器克隆刚提交的文件？

切换到另一账户进行git clone测试：

wuzhang@ubuntu:~$ su git

密码：

git@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang$

查看服务器的地址：

git@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/teamwork_project$ git remote -v

origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git (fetch)

origin gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git (push)

git@ubuntu:/home/wuzhang/work/teamwork_project$ cd /gitClone/

git@ubuntu:/gitClone$ git clone gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git

fatal: could not create work tree dir 'teamwork'.: ????

git@ubuntu:/gitClone$ git clone gitadmin@10.255.13.253:teamwork.git

PS：因为git@ubuntu是普通用户，克隆的文件在本地需要创建文件夹，所以权限不够，需要sudo

git@ubuntu:/gitClone$ sudo git clone gitadmin@10.255.13.253:/home/wuzhang/work/teamwork

Cloning into 'teamwork'...

gitadmin@10.255.13.253's password:

remote: Counting objects: 10, done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (7/7), done.

remote: Total 10 (delta 1), reused 10 (delta 1)

Receiving objects: 100% (10/10), done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), done.

git@ubuntu:/gitClone$ ls

teamwork

git@ubuntu:/gitClone$ cd teamwork/

显示一下克隆的文件:

git@ubuntu:/gitClone/teamwork$ ls

1 1.c 1.c~ hello hello.txt

git@ubuntu:/gitClone/teamwork$ ./1

Git Server is OK!

git@ubuntu:/gitClone/teamwork$

克隆完成，服务器环境搭建完成！