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CMake 3.3.0 发布，自动化建构系统

CMake 3.3.0 发布，值得关注的特性如下：

* The "if()" command learned a new "IN_LIST" operator that evaluates to true if a given element is contained in a named list.
* The "add_dependencies()" command learned to allow dependencies to be added to *interface libraries*. Dependencies added to an interface library are followed transitively in its place since the target itself does not build.
* The "find_library()", "find_path()", and "find_file()" commands now search in installation prefixes derived from the "PATH" environment variable.
* The "<LANG>_VISIBILITY_PRESET" and "VISIBILITY_INLINES_HIDDEN" target properties now affect compilation in sources of all target types. See policy "CMP0063".
* A "<LANG>_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE" target property and supporting "CMAKE_<LANG>_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE" variable were introduced to tell the *Makefile Generators* and the "Ninja" generator to run "include- what-you-use" along with the compiler for "C" and "CXX" languages.

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CMake 是一个跨平台的自动化建构系统,它使用一个名为 CMakeLists.txt 的文件来描述构建过程,可以产生标准的构建文件,如 Unix 的 Makefile 或Windows Visual C++ 的 projects/workspaces 。文件 CMakeLists.txt 需要手工编写,也可以通过编写脚本进行半自动的生成。CMake 提供了比 autoconfig 更简洁的语法。在 linux 平台下使用 CMake 生成 Makefile 并编译的流程如下:

编写 CmakeLists.txt 。
执行命令 “ cmake PATH ” 或者 “ ccmake PATH ” 生成 Makefile ( PATH 是 CMakeLists.txt 所在的目录 ) 。
使用 make 命令进行编译。