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使用Maven构建和测试Java项目

   

我们在创建项目时所学的是如何使用Maven来创建一个Java应用程序。现在,我们将看到如何构建和测试应用程序。

到C :/ MVN目录已经创建了java应用程序。打开consumerBanking文件夹。将看到pom.xml文件,内容如下。

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0    http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>       <groupId>com.companyname.projectgroup</groupId>       <artifactId>project</artifactId>       <version>1.0</version>       <dependencies>          <dependency>             <groupId>junit</groupId>             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>             <version>3.8.1</version>          </dependency>       </dependencies>   </project>

在这里,你可以看到,Maven已经添加Junit测试框架。默认情况下Maven增加了一个源文件App.java,并在其前面的章节中讨论的默认目录结构的测试文件AppTest.java。

让我们打开命令控制台,进入到C:/ MVN/ consumerBanking目录并执行以下命令mvn命令。

 C:/MVN/consumerBanking>mvn clean package 

Maven将开始建设该项目。

 [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Building consumerBanking [INFO]    task-segment: [clean, package] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] [clean:clean {execution: default-clean}] [INFO] Deleting directory C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target [INFO] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}] [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:/MVN/consumerBanking/src/main/ resources [INFO] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}] [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/classes [INFO] [resources:testResources {execution: default-testResources}] [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:/MVN/consumerBanking/src/test/ resources [INFO] [compiler:testCompile {execution: default-testCompile}] [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/test-classes [INFO] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}] [INFO] Surefire report directory: C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/ surefire-reports -------------------------------------------------------  T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running com.companyname.bank.AppTest Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.027 sec  Results :  Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0  [INFO] [jar:jar {execution: default-jar}] [INFO] Building jar: C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/ consumerBanking-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2 seconds [INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 10 16:52:18 IST 2012 [INFO] Final Memory: 16M/89M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

你已经建立项目,并创建最终的jar文件,以下是主要学习概念

  • 我们给maven两个目标,首先要清理目标目录(干净),然后打包成JAR(包)项目生成输出。

  • 打包的JAR可在consumerBanking/target 文件夹为 consumerBanking-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar.

  • 测试报告在 consumerBanking/target/surefire-reports文件夹中。

  • Maven编译的源代码文件,然后测试源代码文件。

  • 然后Maven运行测试用例。

  • 最后Maven创建包。

现在打开命令控制台,进入到 C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/classes目录,然后执行以下java命令。 

 C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/classes>java com.companyname.bank.App 

会看到结果

 Hello World! 

添加Java源文件

让我们来看看如何在我们的项目中添加额外的Java文件。打开C:/MVN/consumerBanking/src/main/java/com/companyname/bank 文件夹,在其中创建Util类为Util.java文件。 

 package com.companyname.bank;  public class Util  {    public static void printMessage(String message){     System.out.println(message);    } }

更新App类使用Util类。

 package com.companyname.bank;  /**  * Hello world!  *  */ public class App  {     public static void main( String[] args )     {         Util.printMessage("Hello World!");     } }

现在打开命令控制台,进入到C:/MVN/consumerBanking目录并执行以下命令mvn命令。

 C:/MVN/consumerBanking>mvn clean compile 

Maven构建成功后,请在C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/classes目录,然后执行以下java命令。

 C:/MVN/consumerBanking/target/classes>java -cp com.companyname.bank.App 

看到结果

 Hello World!
   
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