iFrameExtractor地址: https://github.com/lajos/iFrameExtractor
FFmpeg是一套可以用来记录、转换数字音频、视频,并能将其转化为流的开源计算机程序。
"FFmpeg"这个单词中的"FF"指的是"Fast Forward"。
ASF
AVI
BFI
FLV
GXF, General eXchange Format, SMPTE 360M
IFF
RL2
ISO base media file format(包括QuickTime, 3GP和MP4)
Matroska(包括WebM)
Maxis XA
MPEG program stream
MPEG transport stream(including AVCHD)
MXF, Material eXchange Format, SMPTE 377M
MSN Webcam stream
Ogg
OMA
TXD
WTV
IETF标准:TCP, UDP, Gopher, HTTP, RTP, RTSP和SDP
苹果公司的相关标准:HTTP Live Streaming
RealMedia的相关标准:RealMedia RTSP/RDT
Adobe的相关标准:RTMP, RTMPT(由librtmp实现),RTMPE(由librtmp实现),RTMPTE(由librtmp)和RTMPS(由librtmp实现)
微软的相关标准:MMS在TCP上和MMS在HTTP上
初始化
self.video = [[VideoFrameExtractor alloc] initWithVideo:[Utilities bundlePath:@"sophie.mov"]]; video.outputWidth = 426; video.outputHeight = 320;
播放
[video seekTime:0.0]; [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0/30 target:self selector:@selector(displayNextFrame:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; -(void)displayNextFrame:(NSTimer *)timer { if (![video stepFrame]) { return; } imageView.image = video.currentImage; }
VideoFrameExtractor的初始化,主要是配置三个全局的结构体变量。
AVFormatContext类型的pFormatCtx,AVFormatContext主要存储视音频封装格式中包含的信息;AVInputFormat存储输入视音频使用的封装格式。每种视音频封装格式都对应一个AVInputFormat 结构。
AVCodecContext类型的pCodecCtx ,每个AVStream存储一个视频/音频流的相关数据;每个AVStream对应一个AVCodecContext,存储该视频/音频流使用解码方式的相关数据;每个AVCodecContext中对应一个AVCodec,包含该视频/音频对应的解码器。每种解码器都对应一个AVCodec结构。
AVFrame类型的pFrame,视频的话,每个结构一般是存一帧,音频可能有好几帧。解码前数据是AVPacket,解码后数据是AVFrame。
FMPEG中结构体很多。最关键的结构体他们之间的对应关系如下所示:
图片来自: FFMPEG中最关键的结构体之间的关系
下面就是初始化的代码
-(id)initWithVideo:(NSString *)moviePath { if (!(self=[super init])) return nil; AVCodec *pCodec; // Register all formats and codecs avcodec_register_all(); av_register_all(); // Open video file if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx, [moviePath cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding], NULL, NULL) != 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Couldn't open file/n"); goto initError; } // Retrieve stream information if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx,NULL) < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Couldn't find stream information/n"); goto initError; } // Find the first video stream if ((videoStream = av_find_best_stream(pFormatCtx, AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO, -1, -1, &pCodec, 0)) < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot find a video stream in the input file/n"); goto initError; } // Get a pointer to the codec context for the video stream pCodecCtx = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->codec; // Find the decoder for the video stream pCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id); if(pCodec == NULL) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unsupported codec!/n"); goto initError; } // Open codec if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec, NULL) < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open video decoder/n"); goto initError; } // Allocate video frame pFrame = avcodec_alloc_frame(); outputWidth = pCodecCtx->width; self.outputHeight = pCodecCtx->height; return self; initError: [self release]; return nil; }
获取屏幕的宽和高
-(int)sourceWidth { return pCodecCtx->width; } -(int)sourceHeight { return pCodecCtx->height; }
设置视频播放视图的尺寸
-(void)setupScaler { // Release old picture and scaler avpicture_free(&picture); sws_freeContext(img_convert_ctx); // Allocate RGB picture avpicture_alloc(&picture, PIX_FMT_RGB24, outputWidth, outputHeight); // Setup scaler static int sws_flags = SWS_FAST_BILINEAR; img_convert_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, outputWidth, outputHeight, PIX_FMT_RGB24, sws_flags, NULL, NULL, NULL); }
获取音视频文件的总时间
-(double)duration { return (double)pFormatCtx->duration / AV_TIME_BASE; }
显示音视频当前播放的时间
-(double)currentTime { AVRational timeBase = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->time_base; return packet.pts * (double)timeBase.num / timeBase.den; }
直接跳到音视频的第seconds秒进行播放,默认从第0.0秒开始
-(void)seekTime:(double)seconds { AVRational timeBase = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->time_base; int64_t targetFrame = (int64_t)((double)timeBase.den / timeBase.num * seconds); avformat_seek_file(pFormatCtx, videoStream, targetFrame, targetFrame, targetFrame, AVSEEK_FLAG_FRAME); avcodec_flush_buffers(pCodecCtx); }
解码视频得到帧
-(BOOL)stepFrame { // AVPacket packet; int frameFinished=0; while(!frameFinished && av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet)>=0) { // Is this a packet from the video stream? if(packet.stream_index==videoStream) { // Decode video frame avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet); } } return frameFinished!=0; }
获取当前的UIImage对象,以呈现当前播放的画面
-(UIImage *)currentImage { if (!pFrame->data[0]) return nil; [self convertFrameToRGB]; return [self imageFromAVPicture:picture width:outputWidth height:outputHeight]; }
转换音视频帧到RGB
-(void)convertFrameToRGB { sws_scale (img_convert_ctx, pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, picture.data, picture.linesize); }
把AVPicture转换成UIImage把音视频画面显示出来
-(UIImage *)imageFromAVPicture:(AVPicture)pict width:(int)width height:(int)height { CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo = kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault; CFDataRef data = CFDataCreateWithBytesNoCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, pict.data[0], pict.linesize[0]*height,kCFAllocatorNull); CGDataProviderRef provider = CGDataProviderCreateWithCFData(data); CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(); CGImageRef cgImage = CGImageCreate(width, height, 8, 24, pict.linesize[0], colorSpace, bitmapInfo, provider, NULL, NO, kCGRenderingIntentDefault); CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace); UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgImage]; CGImageRelease(cgImage); CGDataProviderRelease(provider); CFRelease(data); return image; }
ElevenPlayer : 这是我用ffmpeg写的iOS万能播放器。
iOS配置FFmpeg框架
FFmpeg-wikipedia
Vitamio测试网络视频地址
FFMPEG结构体分析-系列文章 :包括AVFrame、AVFormatContext、AVCodecContext、AVIOContext、AVCodec、AVStream、AVPacket
FFmpeg开发和使用有关的文章的汇总
ffmpeg 官网
FFmpeg GitHub source code
作者 : coderyi