最近学习的进度慢了点,因为年底之前有个新项目要上线,而且每次业务人员过来一次,需求就有变动,于是不停的改改改= =!唉~不说了心好累
事件的产生和传递
发生触摸事件后,系统会将该事件加入到一个由 UIApplication管理的事件队列中
UIApplication会从事件队列中取出最前面的事件,并将事件分发下去以便处理,通常,先发送事件给应用程序的主窗口( keyWindow)
主窗口会在视图层次结构中找到一个最合适的视图来处理触摸事件,这也是整个事件处理过程的第一步
找到合适的视图控件后,就会调用视图控件的 touches方法来作具体的事件处理
touchesBegan…
touchesMoved…
touchedEnded…
UIView 不接收触摸事件的三种情况
不接收用户交互
userInteractionEnabled = NO
隐藏
hidden = YES
透明
alpha = 0.0 ~ 0.01
提示:UIImageView 的userInteractionEnabled 默认就是NO ,因此UIImageView 以及它的子控件默认是不能接收触摸事件的
触摸事件处理的详细过程
用户点击屏幕后产生的一个触摸事件,经过一些列的传递过程后,会找到最合适的视图控件来处理这个事件
找到最合适的视图控件后,就会调用控件的 touches方法来作具体的事件处理
touchesBegan…
touchesMoved…
touchedEnded…
这些 touches方法的默认做法是将事件顺着响应者链条向上传递,将事件交给上一个响应者进行处理
响应者链条示意图
响应者链的事件传递过程
1. 如果 view的控制器存在,就传递给控制器;如果控制器不存在,则将其传递给它的父视图
2. 在视图层次结构的最顶级视图,如果也不能处理收到的事件或消息,则其将事件或消息传递给 window对象进行处理
3. 如果window 对象也不处理,则其将事件或消息传递给UIApplication 对象
4. 如果 UIApplication也不能处理该事件或消息,则将其丢弃
监听触摸事件的做法
如果想监听一个 view上面的触摸事件,之前的做法是
自定义一个 view
实现 view的 touches方法,在方法内部实现具体处理代码
通过 touches方法监听 view触摸事件,有很明显的几个缺点
必须得自定义 view
由于是在 view内部的 touches方法中监听触摸事件,因此默认情况下,无法让其他外界对象监听 view的触摸事件
不容易区分用户的具体手势行为
iOS 3.2之后,苹果推出了手势识别功能( Gesture Recognizer),在触摸事件处理方面,大大简化了开发者的开发难度
为了完成手势识别,必须借助于手势识别器----UIGestureRecognizer
利用UIGestureRecognizer ,能轻松识别用户在某个view 上面做的一些常见手势
UIGestureRecognizer是一个抽象类,定义了所有手势的基本行为,使用它的子类才能处理具体的手势
UITapGestureRecognizer( 敲击)
UIPinchGestureRecognizer( 捏合,用于缩放)
UIPanGestureRecognizer( 拖拽)
UISwipeGestureRecognizer( 轻扫)
UIRotationGestureRecognizer( 旋转)
UILongPressGestureRecognizer( 长按)
UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] init];
// 连续敲击 2次
tap.numberOfTapsRequired = 2;
// 需要 2根手指一起敲击
tap.numberOfTouchesRequired = 2;
[self.iconView addGestureRecognizer:tap];
[tap addTarget:self action:@selector(tapIconView:)];
手势识别的状态
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIGestureRecognizerState) { // 没有触摸事件发生,所有手势识别的默认状态 UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible, // 一个手势已经开始但尚未改变或者完成时 UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan, // 手势状态改变 UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged, // 手势完成 UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded, // 手势取消,恢复至Possible状态 UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled, // 手势失败,恢复至Possible状态 UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed, // 识别到手势识别 UIGestureRecognizerStateRecognized = UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded };
然后利用 UIGestureRecognizer 做了一个旋转,缩放,拖拽view的demo,操作的是一个ImageView,代码如下
@interface ViewController () <UIGestureRecognizerDelegate> @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIImageView *image; @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; //缩放 UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchView:)]; pinch.delegate = self; [self.image addGestureRecognizer:pinch]; //旋转 UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotate = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotateView:)]; rotate.delegate = self; [self.image addGestureRecognizer:rotate]; //拖拽 UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panView:)]; pan.delegate = self; [self.image addGestureRecognizer:pan]; } - (void)pinchView:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)pinch { pinch.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(pinch.view.transform, pinch.scale, pinch.scale); pinch.scale = 1; } - (void)rotateView:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)rotate { rotate.view.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(rotate.view.transform, rotate.rotation); rotate.rotation = 0; } - (void)panView:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)pan { CGPoint translation = [pan translationInView:pan.view]; pan.view.transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(pan.view.transform, translation.x, translation.y); [pan setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:pan.view]; } #pragma mark -代理方法 /** 使所有手势都有效 */ - (BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer { return YES; } @end
然后是 swift版的代码
import UIKit class ViewController: UIViewController, UIGestureRecognizerDelegate { @IBOutlet weak var image: UIImageView! override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() // 拖拽 let pan = UIPanGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: Selector.init("panView:")) pan.delegate = self self.image.addGestureRecognizer(pan) //旋转 let rotate = UIRotationGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: Selector.init("rotateView:")) rotate.delegate = self self.image.addGestureRecognizer(rotate) //缩放 let pinch = UIPinchGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: Selector.init("pinchView:")) pinch.delegate = self self.image.addGestureRecognizer(pinch) } func gestureRecognizer(gestureRecognizer: UIGestureRecognizer, shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer otherGestureRecognizer: UIGestureRecognizer) -> Bool { return true } func panView(pan:UIPanGestureRecognizer) { let translate = pan.translationInView(pan.view) pan.view?.transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate((pan.view?.transform)!, translate.x, translate.y) pan.setTranslation(CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0), inView: pan.view) } func rotateView(rotate:UIRotationGestureRecognizer) { rotate.view?.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate((rotate.view?.transform)!, rotate.rotation) rotate.rotation = 0 } func pinchView(pinch:UIPinchGestureRecognizer) { pinch.view?.transform = CGAffineTransformScale((pinch.view?.transform)!, pinch.scale, pinch.scale) pinch.scale = 1 } }