AFNetworkReachabilityManager
是对 SystemConfiguration
模块的封装,苹果的文档中也有一个类似的项目 Reachability 这里对网络状态的监控跟苹果官方的实现几乎是完全相同的。
同样在 github 上有一个类似的项目叫做 Reachability 不过这个项目 由于命名的原因可能会在审核时被拒绝 。
无论是 AFNetworkReachabilityManager
,苹果官方的项目或者说 github 上的 Reachability,它们的实现都是类似的,而在这里我们会以 AFNetworking
中的 AFNetworkReachabilityManager
为例来说明在 iOS 开发中,我们是怎样监控网络状态的。
AFNetworkReachabilityManager
的使用还是非常简单的,只需要三个步骤,就基本可以完成对网络状态的监控。
AFNetworkReachabilityManager
startMonitoring
方法开始对网络状态进行监控 networkReachabilityStatusBlock
在每次网络状态改变时, 调用这个 block 在初始化方法中,使用 SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithAddress
或者 SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithName
生成一个 SCNetworkReachabilityRef
的引用。
+ (instancetype)managerForDomain:(NSString *)domain { SCNetworkReachabilityRef reachability = SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithName(kCFAllocatorDefault, [domain UTF8String]); AFNetworkReachabilityManager *manager = [[self alloc] initWithReachability:reachability]; return manager; } + (instancetype)managerForAddress:(const void *)address { SCNetworkReachabilityRef reachability = SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithAddress(kCFAllocatorDefault, (const struct sockaddr *)address); AFNetworkReachabilityManager *manager = [[self alloc] initWithReachability:reachability]; return manager; }
sockaddr_in
的指针生成一个 SCNetworkReachabilityRef
- [AFNetworkReachabilityManager initWithReachability:]
将生成的 SCNetworkReachabilityRef
引用传给 networkReachability
networkReachabilityStatus
- (instancetype)initWithReachability:(SCNetworkReachabilityRef)reachability { self = [super init]; if (!self) { return nil; } self.networkReachability = CFBridgingRelease(reachability); self.networkReachabilityStatus = AFNetworkReachabilityStatusUnknown; return self; }
当调用 CFBridgingRelease(reachability)
后,会把 reachability
桥接成一个 NSObject 对象赋值给 self.networkReachability
,然后释放原来的 CoreFoundation 对象。
在初始化 AFNetworkReachabilityManager
后,会调用 startMonitoring
方法开始监控网络状态。
- (void)startMonitoring { [self stopMonitoring]; if (!self.networkReachability) { return; } __weak __typeof(self)weakSelf = self; AFNetworkReachabilityStatusBlock callback = ^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) { __strong __typeof(weakSelf)strongSelf = weakSelf; strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatus = status; if (strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatusBlock) { strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatusBlock(status); } }; id networkReachability = self.networkReachability; SCNetworkReachabilityContext context = {0, (__bridge void *)callback, AFNetworkReachabilityRetainCallback, AFNetworkReachabilityReleaseCallback, NULL}; SCNetworkReachabilitySetCallback((__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)networkReachability, AFNetworkReachabilityCallback, &context); SCNetworkReachabilityScheduleWithRunLoop((__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)networkReachability, CFRunLoopGetMain(), kCFRunLoopCommonModes); dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0),^{ SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags; if (SCNetworkReachabilityGetFlags((__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)networkReachability, &flags)) { AFPostReachabilityStatusChange(flags, callback); } }); }
先调用 - stopMonitoring
方法,如果之前设置过对网络状态的监听,使用 SCNetworkReachabilityUnscheduleFromRunLoop
方法取消之前在 Main Runloop 中的监听
- (void)stopMonitoring { if (!self.networkReachability) { return; }
SCNetworkReachabilityUnscheduleFromRunLoop((__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)self.networkReachability, CFRunLoopGetMain(), kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
} 创建一个在每次网络状态改变时的回调
__weak __typeof(self)weakSelf = self; AFNetworkReachabilityStatusBlock callback = ^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) { __strong __typeof(weakSelf)strongSelf = weakSelf;
strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatus = status; if (strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatusBlock) { strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatusBlock(status); }
};
networkReachabilityStatus
属性 networkReachabilityStatusBlock
创建一个 SCNetworkReachabilityContext
typedef struct { CFIndex version; void * __nullable info; const void * __nonnull (* __nullable retain)(const void *info); void (* __nullable release)(const void *info); CFStringRef __nonnull (* __nullable copyDescription)(const void *info); } SCNetworkReachabilityContext; SCNetworkReachabilityContext context = { 0, (__bridge void *)callback, AFNetworkReachabilityRetainCallback, AFNetworkReachabilityReleaseCallback, NULL };
callback
就是上一步中的创建的 block 对象 AFNetworkReachabilityRetainCallback
和 AFNetworkReachabilityReleaseCallback
都是非常简单的 block,在回调被调用时,只是使用 Block_copy
和 Block_release
这样的宏 传入的 info
会以参数的形式在 AFNetworkReachabilityCallback
执行时传入
static const void * AFNetworkReachabilityRetainCallback(const void *info) { return Block_copy(info); }
static void AFNetworkReachabilityReleaseCallback(const void *info) { if (info) { Block_release(info); } }
当目标的网络状态改变时,会调用传入的回调
SCNetworkReachabilitySetCallback( (__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)networkReachability, AFNetworkReachabilityCallback, &context );
在 Main Runloop 中对应的模式开始监控网络状态
SCNetworkReachabilityScheduleWithRunLoop( (__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)networkReachability, CFRunLoopGetMain(), kCFRunLoopCommonModes );
获取当前的网络状态,调用 callback
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0),^{ SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags; if (SCNetworkReachabilityGetFlags((__bridge SCNetworkReachabilityRef)networkReachability, &flags)) { AFPostReachabilityStatusChange(flags, callback); } });
在下一节中会介绍上面所提到的一些 C 函数以及各种回调。
在 Main Runloop 中对网络状态进行监控之后,在每次网络状态改变,就会调用 AFNetworkReachabilityCallback
函数:
static void AFNetworkReachabilityCallback(SCNetworkReachabilityRef __unused target, SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags, void *info) { AFPostReachabilityStatusChange(flags, (__bridge AFNetworkReachabilityStatusBlock)info); }
这里会从 info
中取出之前存在 context
中的 AFNetworkReachabilityStatusBlock
。
__weak __typeof(self)weakSelf = self; AFNetworkReachabilityStatusBlock callback = ^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) { __strong __typeof(weakSelf)strongSelf = weakSelf; strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatus = status; if (strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatusBlock) { strongSelf.networkReachabilityStatusBlock(status); } };
取出这个 block 之后,传入 AFPostReachabilityStatusChange
函数:
static void AFPostReachabilityStatusChange(SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags, AFNetworkReachabilityStatusBlock block) { AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status = AFNetworkReachabilityStatusForFlags(flags); dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ if (block) { block(status); } NSNotificationCenter *notificationCenter = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]; NSDictionary *userInfo = @{ AFNetworkingReachabilityNotificationStatusItem: @(status) }; [notificationCenter postNotificationName:AFNetworkingReachabilityDidChangeNotification object:nil userInfo:userInfo]; }); }
AFNetworkReachabilityStatusForFlags
获取当前的网络可达性状态 callback
block(设置 self
的网络状态,调用 networkReachabilityStatusBlock
) AFNetworkingReachabilityDidChangeNotification
通知. static AFNetworkReachabilityStatus AFNetworkReachabilityStatusForFlags(SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags) { BOOL isReachable = ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsReachable) != 0); BOOL needsConnection = ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionRequired) != 0); BOOL canConnectionAutomatically = (((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnDemand ) != 0) || ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnTraffic) != 0)); BOOL canConnectWithoutUserInteraction = (canConnectionAutomatically && (flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsInterventionRequired) == 0); BOOL isNetworkReachable = (isReachable && (!needsConnection || canConnectWithoutUserInteraction)); AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status = AFNetworkReachabilityStatusUnknown; if (isNetworkReachable == NO) { status = AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable; } #if TARGET_OS_IPHONE else if ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsWWAN) != 0) { status = AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN; } #endif else { status = AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi; } return status; }
因为 flags
是一个 SCNetworkReachabilityFlags
,它的不同位代表了不同的网络可达性状态,通过 flags
的位操作,获取当前的状态信息 AFNetworkReachabilityStatus
。
typedef CF_OPTIONS(uint32_t, SCNetworkReachabilityFlags) { kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsTransientConnection = 1<<0, kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsReachable = 1<<1, kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionRequired = 1<<2, kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnTraffic = 1<<3, kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsInterventionRequired = 1<<4, kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnDemand = 1<<5, // __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_6,__IPHONE_3_0) kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsLocalAddress = 1<<16, kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsDirect = 1<<17, #if TARGET_OS_IPHONE kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsWWAN = 1<<18, #endif // TARGET_OS_IPHONE kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionAutomatic = kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnTraffic };
这里就是在 SystemConfiguration
中定义的全部的网络状态的标志位。
其实这个类与 AFNetworking
整个框架并没有太多的耦合。正相反,它在整个框架中作为一个 即插即用 的类使用,每一个 AFURLSessionManager
都会持有一个 AFNetworkReachabilityManager
的实例。
self.reachabilityManager = [AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager];
这是整个框架中除了 AFNetworkReachabilityManager.h/m
文件, 唯一一个 引用到这个类的地方。
在实际的使用中,我们也可以直接操作 AFURLSessionManager
的 reachabilityManager
来获取当前的网络可达性状态,而不是自己手动初始化一个实例,当然这么做也是没有任何问题的。
AFNetworkReachabilityManager
实际上只是一个对底层 SystemConfiguration
库中的 C 函数封装的类,它为我们隐藏了 C 语言的实现,提供了统一的 Objective-C 语言接口 AFNetworking
中一个即插即用的模块 关于其他 AFNetworking 源代码分析的其他文章: