【BBED】 sys.bootstrap$ 对象的恢复

一.1  BLOG文档结构图

一.2  前言部分

一.2.1  导读和注意事项

各位技术爱好者，看完本文后，你可以掌握如下的技能，也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识，~O(∩_∩)O~：

① sys.bootstrap$的知识

② sys.bootstrap$块损坏的修复过程

③ BBED copy命令的使用

  Tips：

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       ② 本篇BLOG中命令的输出部分需要特别关注的地方我都用灰色背景和粉红色字体来表示，比如下边的例子中，thread 1的最大归档日志号为33，thread 2的最大归档日志号为43是需要特别关注的地方；而命令一般使用黄色背景和红色字体标注；对代码或代码输出部分的注释一般采用蓝色字体表示。

  List of Archived Logs in backup set 11

  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time            Next SCN   Next Time

  ---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------

  1    32      1621589    2015-05-29 11:09:52 1625242    2015-05-29 11:15:48

  1    33      1625242    2015-05-29 11:15:48 1625293    2015-05-29 11:15:58

  2    42      1613951    2015-05-29 10:41:18 1625245    2015-05-29 11:15:49

  2    43      1625245    2015-05-29 11:15:49 1625253    2015-05-29 11:15:53

[ZFXXDB1:root]:/>lsvg -o

T_XDESK_APP1_vg

rootvg

[ZFXXDB1:root]:/>

00:27:22 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read write;

====》2097152*512/1024/1024/1024=1G 

本文如有错误或不完善的地方请大家多多指正，ITPUB留言或QQ皆可，您的批评指正是我写作的最大动力。

一.2.2  相关参考文章链接

【推荐】 【BBED】编译及基本命令(1)：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2075216/

【推荐】 【BBED】丢失归档文件情况下的恢复：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2079337/

一.2.3  本文简介

本文的实验过程主要是为了学习BBED。

一.3  相关知识点扫盲(摘自网络)

11g下变成了521、522、523 这3个块。

其他相关知识：http://www.cnblogs.com/springside-example/archive/2011/10/31/2529621.html

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第二章 实验部分

二.1  实验环境介绍

二.2  实验目标

破坏sys.bootstrap$对象占用的4个块，然后利用BBED的copy从其他相同版本的文件中copy这4个块来恢复该对象。

二.3  实验过程

二.3.1  冷备system文件

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Apr 14 16:10:07 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@oralhr> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@oralhr> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>cp /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Apr 14 16:34:04 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@oralhr> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3089920000 bytes

Fixed Size                  2250360 bytes

Variable Size             721422728 bytes

Database Buffers         2348810240 bytes

Redo Buffers               17436672 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SYS@oralhr> SELECT dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) rel_fno,

  2         dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) blockno,

  3                      count(1)

  4    FROM sys.bootstrap$ d

  5   group by dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) ,

  6            dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) ;

   REL_FNO    BLOCKNO   COUNT(1)

---------- ---------- ----------

         1        523         12

         1        521         26

         1        522         22

====》 11g块号有所变化

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> set line 9999 pagesize 9999

SYS@oralhr> col name format a80

SYS@oralhr> select file#||' '||name||' '||bytes name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf 786432000

2 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf 576716800

3 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf 78643200

4 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf 310640640

SYS@oralhr>

二.3.2  模拟故障

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>l

total 208

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba              57 Apr 05 17:01 bbed.par

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba           52224 Apr 14 15:55 bifile.bbd

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   asmadmin       5715 Apr 06 15:34 ctl.sql

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba             302 Apr 14 10:32 file.txt

drwxrwxrwx    8 oracle   dba            4096 Apr 13 17:16 gdul

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba           21008 Apr 14 16:35 log.bbd

drwxrwxrwx    4 oracle   dba             256 Apr 12 15:52 oracle_bk

drwxrwxrwx    4 oracle   dba             256 Apr 05 16:54 rman_bak

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba             757 Apr 11 10:02 rman_bk_db_archive_lhr.sh

-rwxrwxrwx    1 oracle   dba            1023 Apr 08 11:25 rman_bk_db_lhr.sh

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>cat file.txt

1 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf 786432000

2 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf 566231040

3 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf 78643200

4 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf 310640640

5 /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk 786432000

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>bbed PASSWORD=blockedit  mode=edit blocksize=8192 listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Thu Apr 14 16:36:00 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf                  96000

     2  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                  69120

     3  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                  9600

     4  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf                   37920

     5  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk               96000

BBED> set count 128

        COUNT           128

BBED> copy file 1 block 111 to  file 1 block 377

Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) Y

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 377              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x00400179

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1ea20000 0040006f 000000e2 00000104 fa4c0000 00000001 03450080 00000000

00000000 0000f800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> copy file 1 block 111 to  file 1 block 378

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 378              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x0040017a

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1ea20000 0040006f 000000e2 00000104 fa4c0000 00000001 03450080 00000000

00000000 0000f800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> copy file 1 block 111 to  file 1 block 379

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 379              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x0040017b

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1ea20000 0040006f 000000e2 00000104 fa4c0000 00000001 03450080 00000000

00000000 0000f800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> copy file 1 block 111 to  file 1 block 380

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 380              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x0040017c

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1ea20000 0040006f 000000e2 00000104 fa4c0000 00000001 03450080 00000000

00000000 0000f800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 380:

current = 0xfa4c, required = 0xfa4c

BBED>

BBED>

重启数据库：

SYS@oralhr> startup force

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3089920000 bytes

Fixed Size                  2250360 bytes

Variable Size             721422728 bytes

Database Buffers         2348810240 bytes

Redo Buffers               17436672 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure

ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 377)

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

Process ID: 32243962

Session ID: 34 Serial number: 3

SYS@oralhr>

10g不会提示，但告警日志里有提示，11g直接有提示，告警日志：

Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/oralhr/oralhr/trace/oralhr_ora_32243962.trc:

ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure

ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 377)

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database

USER (ospid: 32243962): terminating the instance due to error 704

Instance terminated by USER, pid = 32243962

ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

opiodr aborting process unknown ospid (32243962) as a result of ORA-1092

Thu Apr 14 16:40:03 2016

ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process

二.3.3  故障恢复

从其他的相同版本的库copy 1号文件，我们有冷备份，直接添加进BBED来恢复。

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>bbed PASSWORD=blockedit  mode=edit blocksize=8192 listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Thu Apr 14 16:42:59 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf                  96000

     2  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                  69120

     3  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                  9600

     4  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/users01.dbf                   37920

     5  /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf_bk               96000

BBED> set count 128

        COUNT           128

BBED>

BBED>

BBED> copy file 5 block 377 to  file 1 block 377

Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) Y

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 377              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x00400179

------------------------------------------------------------------------

06a20000 00400179 000d00f0 00000104 75380000 02000001 00000029 000d00f0

00000000 00010200 00000000 0004000d 0000040d 00c072f0 009e0200 80000000

000d00e9 01008001 00000001 0009002e 1f291efb 0040017a 00080000 1f780000

1f701f68 1f5f1f56 1f4d1f44 1f3b1f32 1f291eb2 1ea71ec8 1ed31e2e 1e231e9c

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> copy file 5 block 378 to  file 1 block 378

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 378              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x0040017a

------------------------------------------------------------------------

06a20000 0040017a 00033b45 00000104 5e150000 02000000 00000029 00033b45

0000af58 00020200 00000000 0003001f 0000000e 00c003f0 00070100 e0000000

00033742 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00008001

00000001 023f04a2 04a80006 00000000 0040017b 00000000 06000000 1f600000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> copy file 5 block 379 to  file 1 block 379

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 379              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x0040017b

------------------------------------------------------------------------

06a20000 0040017b 0002fee2 00000106 4c290000 02000000 00000029 0002fed6

00000000 00020200 00000000 00080002 00000048 00c01bb9 00120100 c0000000

0001bf0a 0004001f 000000ff 00c00592 00341200 2002001c 0002fee2 00008001

00000002 02390496 04a10023 00000002 0040017c 0040017a 06000000 1f600000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> copy file 5 block 380 to  file 1 block 380

File: /oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 380              Offsets:    0 to  127           Dba:0x0040017c

------------------------------------------------------------------------

06a20000 0040017c 0008ac20 00000106 55390000 02020003 00000029 0008ab88

00000000 1f020200 00000000 000a000d 0000015e 00c0714e 00330100 60010000

0008ab8a 000a0018 00000151 00c0714d 00330900 20420000 0008ac20 00018001

00000002 021f0462 04670005 00000000 0040017d 0040017b 06000000 1f600000

<32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 380:

current = 0x5539, required = 0x5539

BBED>

BBED>

尝试启动数据库：

SYS@oralhr> alter database open;

ERROR:

ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE

SYS@oralhr> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[ZFXDESKDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Apr 14 16:44:02 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@oralhr> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3089920000 bytes

Fixed Size                  2250360 bytes

Variable Size             721422728 bytes

Database Buffers         2348810240 bytes

Redo Buffers               17436672 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SYS@oralhr>

二.4  实验总结

11g下sys.bootstrap$对象所占用的块变成了520、521、522、523这4个块，10g下为377、378、379、380这4个块，但是11g测试的时候破坏520、521、522、523或378、379、380都可以完成这个实验，其中破坏520的时候报错：

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure

ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 520)

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/datafile/oralhr/system01.dbf'

Process ID: 34078884

Session ID: 34 Serial number: 3

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

About Me

....................................................................................................................................................

本文作者：小麦苗，只专注于数据库的技术，更注重技术的运用

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于 2016-04-14 10:00~ 2016-04-14 19:00 在中行完成

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