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更新Maven POM文件中依赖库的版本

维护一个Maven管理的Java项目的时候，有的时候需要更新项目依赖的第三方的库，比如将Spring 3.2.16升级成Spring 4.2.5。我们可以通过 Maven versions插件自动化的实现。

这个插件定义了非常多的goal:

versions:compare-dependencies compares the dependency versions of the current project to the dependency management section of a remote project.
versions:display-dependency-updates scans a project's dependencies and produces a report of those dependencies which have newer versions available.
versions:display-plugin-updates scans a project's plugins and produces a report of those plugins which have newer versions available.
versions:display-property-updates scans a projectand produces a report of those properties which are used to control artifact versions and which properies have newer versions available.
versions:update-parent updates the parent section of a project so that it references the newest available version. For example, if you use a corporate root POM, this goal can be helpful if you need to ensure you are using the latest version of the corporate root POM.
versions:update-properties updates properties defined in a project so that they correspond to the latest available version of specific dependencies. This can be useful if a suite of dependencies must all be locked to one version.
versions:update-property Sets a property to the latest version in a given range of associated artifacts.
versions:update-child-modules updates the parent section of the child modules of a project so the version matches the version of the current project. For example, if you have an aggregator pom that is also the parent for the projects that it aggregates and the children and parent versions get out of sync, this mojo can help fix the versions of the child modules. (Note you may need to invoke Maven with the -N option in order to run this goal if your project is broken so badly that it cannot build because of the version mis-match).
versions:lock-snapshots searches the pom for all -SNAPSHOT versions and replaces them with the current timestamp version of that -SNAPSHOT, e.g. -20090327.172306-4
versions:unlock-snapshots searches the pom for all timestamp locked snapshot versions and replaces them with -SNAPSHOT.
versions:resolve-ranges finds dependencies using version ranges and resolves the range to the specific version being used.
versions:set can be used to set the project version from the command line.
versions:use-releases searches the pom for all -SNAPSHOT versions which have been released and replaces them with the corresponding release version.
versions:use-next-releases searches the pom for all non-SNAPSHOT versions which have been a newer release and replaces them with the next release version.
versions:use-latest-releases searches the pom for all non-SNAPSHOT versions which have been a newer release and replaces them with the latest release version.
versions:use-next-snapshots searches the pom for all non-SNAPSHOT versions which have been a newer -SNAPSHOT version and replaces them with the next -SNAPSHOT version.
versions:use-latest-snapshots searches the pom for all non-SNAPSHOT versions which have been a newer -SNAPSHOT version and replaces them with the latest -SNAPSHOT version.
versions:use-next-versions searches the pom for all versions which have been a newer version and replaces them with the next version.
versions:use-latest-versions searches the pom for all versions which have been a newer version and replaces them with the latest version.
versions:commit removes the pom.xml.versionsBackup files. Forms one half of the built-in "Poor Man's SCM".
versions:revert restores the pom.xml files from the pom.xml.versionsBackup files. Forms one half of the built-in "Poor Man's SCM".

也提供了三个reporting goal：

versions:dependency-updates-report produces a report of those project dependencies which have newer versions available.
versions:plugin-updates-report produces a report of those plugins which have newer versions available.
versions:property-updates-report produces a report of those properties which are used to control artifact versions and which properies have newer versions available.

如果你的项目中artifact的版本都是通过属性定义的，那么 mvn versions:display-property-updates 可以在命令行中显示可以更新的依赖的信息。

你可以手工更改这些依赖的版本，也可以通过 mvn versions:update-properties 自动更新定义版本的属性。

上面的命令会为你原始的pom.xml产生一个备份文件，如果没有更新问题，你可以通过 mvn versions:commit 移除这个备份文件。

原文 http://colobu.com/2016/05/04/check-latest-dependencies-in-pom-xml/

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