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Spring配置事务五种方式

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是 DataSource 、TransactionManager 和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

Spring配置事务五种方式

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  <bean id="sessionFactory"              class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  </bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  <!-- 配置DAO -->  <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  <bean id="userDao"          class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">  <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->  <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />  <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />  <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />  <!-- 配置事务属性 -->  <property name="transactionAttributes">  <props>  <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  </props>  </property>  </bean>  </beans>

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  <bean id="sessionFactory"              class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  </bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  <bean id="transactionBase"              class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"              lazy-init="true" abstract="true">  <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->  <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />  <!-- 配置事务属性 -->  <property name="transactionAttributes">  <props>  <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  </props>  </property>  </bean>  <!-- 配置DAO -->  <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >  <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />  </bean>  </beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  <bean id="sessionFactory"              class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  </bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  <bean id="transactionInterceptor"          class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">  <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />  <!-- 配置事务属性 -->  <property name="transactionAttributes">  <props>  <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  </props>  </property>  </bean>  <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">  <property name="beanNames">  <list>  <value>*Dao</value>  </list>  </property>  <property name="interceptorNames">  <list>  <value>transactionInterceptor</value>  </list>  </property>  </bean>  <!-- 配置DAO -->  <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  </beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  <context:annotation-config />  <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  <bean id="sessionFactory"              class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  </bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  <tx:attributes>  <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  </tx:attributes>  </tx:advice>  <aop:config>  <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"              expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />  <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"              pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />  </aop:config>  </beans>

第五种方式：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  <context:annotation-config />  <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>  <bean id="sessionFactory"              class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />  <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  </bean>  <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->  <bean id="transactionManager"          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  </bean>  </beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.mktao.spring.dao;  import java.util.List;  import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  @Transactional  @Component("userDao")  public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  public List<User> listUsers() {  return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();      }  ...  }

原文 http://www.importnew.com/20227.html

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