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ORA-30078报错的两种解决方案

最近在尝试创建分区表时遇到了ORA-30078报错，提示“ORA-30078: 分区界限必须是 TIME/TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE 文字”，很纳闷儿为什么会报错。
首先我创建一个测试表hoegh1，其中包含一个date类型的时间字段，并以该字段做范围分区，创建成功；
紧接着，尝试创建测试表hoegh2，其中包含一个timestamp类型的时间字段，并以该字段做范围分区，创建失败，遇到了ORA-30078报错。
过程如下：
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SQL>
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bi
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 10.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for 64-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table hoegh1
2 (
3 id NUMBER,
4 time date
5 )
6 partition by range(time)
7 (
8 partition p_201505 values less than(to_date('20150601','yyyymmdd')),
9 partition p_201506 values less than(to_date('20150701','yyyymmdd')),
10 partition p_201507 values less than(to_date('20150801','yyyymmdd')),
11 partition p_201508 values less than(to_date('20150901','yyyymmdd')),
12 partition p_201509 values less than(to_date('20151001','yyyymmdd')),
13 partition p_201510 values less than(to_date('20151101','yyyymmdd')),
14 partition p_201511 values less than(to_date('20151201','yyyymmdd')),
15 partition p_201512 values less than(to_date('20160101','yyyymmdd')),
16 partition p_201601 values less than(to_date('20160201','yyyymmdd')),
17 partition p_201602 values less than(to_date('20160301','yyyymmdd')),
18 partition p_201603 values less than(to_date('20160401','yyyymmdd')),
19 partition p_201604 values less than(to_date('20160501','yyyymmdd')),
20 partition p_201605 values less than(to_date('20160601','yyyymmdd')),
21 partition p_201606 values less than(to_date('20160701','yyyymmdd')),
22 partition p_201607 values less than(to_date('20160801','yyyymmdd'))
23 );
表已创建。
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> create table hoegh2
2 (
3 id NUMBER,
4 TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP(6)
5 )
6 partition by range(TIMESTAMP)
7 (
8 partition p_201505 values less than(to_timestamp('20150601','yyyymmdd')),
9 partition p_201506 values less than(to_timestamp('20150701','yyyymmdd')),
10 partition p_201507 values less than(to_timestamp('20150801','yyyymmdd')),
11 partition p_201508 values less than(to_timestamp('20150901','yyyymmdd')),
12 partition p_201509 values less than(to_timestamp('20151001','yyyymmdd')),
13 partition p_201510 values less than(to_timestamp('20151101','yyyymmdd')),
14 partition p_201511 values less than(to_timestamp('20151201','yyyymmdd')),
15 partition p_201512 values less than(to_timestamp('20160101','yyyymmdd')),
16 partition p_201601 values less than(to_timestamp('20160201','yyyymmdd')),
17 partition p_201602 values less than(to_timestamp('20160301','yyyymmdd')),
18 partition p_201603 values less than(to_timestamp('20160401','yyyymmdd')),
19 partition p_201604 values less than(to_timestamp('20160501','yyyymmdd')),
20 partition p_201605 values less than(to_timestamp('20160601','yyyymmdd')),
21 partition p_201606 values less than(to_timestamp('20160701','yyyymmdd')),
22 partition p_201607 values less than(to_timestamp('20160801','yyyymmdd'))
23 );
partition p_201505 values less than(to_timestamp('20150601','yyyymmdd')),
*
第 8 行出现错误:
ORA-30078: 分区界限必须是 TIME/TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE 文字
SQL>

鉴于timestamp类型的时间精度比date类型的要高，因此不能修改列的类型。那怎么办呢？在这儿列出两种解决方案。

一、PARTITION value 类型更改为to_date('20150601','yyyymmdd')

点击(此处)折叠或打开

SQL>
SQL> create table hoegh2
2 (
3 id NUMBER,
4 TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP(6)
5 )
6 partition by range(TIMESTAMP)
7 (
8 partition p_201505 values less than(to_date('20150601','yyyymmdd')),
9 partition p_201506 values less than(to_date('20150701','yyyymmdd')),
10 partition p_201507 values less than(to_date('20150801','yyyymmdd')),
11 partition p_201508 values less than(to_date('20150901','yyyymmdd')),
12 partition p_201509 values less than(to_date('20151001','yyyymmdd')),
13 partition p_201510 values less than(to_date('20151101','yyyymmdd')),
14 partition p_201511 values less than(to_date('20151201','yyyymmdd')),
15 partition p_201512 values less than(to_date('20160101','yyyymmdd')),
16 partition p_201601 values less than(to_date('20160201','yyyymmdd')),
17 partition p_201602 values less than(to_date('20160301','yyyymmdd')),
18 partition p_201603 values less than(to_date('20160401','yyyymmdd')),
19 partition p_201604 values less than(to_date('20160501','yyyymmdd')),
20 partition p_201605 values less than(to_date('20160601','yyyymmdd')),
21 partition p_201606 values less than(to_date('20160701','yyyymmdd')),
22 partition p_201607 values less than(to_date('20160801','yyyymmdd'))
23 );
表已创建。
SQL>

二、PARTITION value 类型更改为timestamp'2015-06-01 00:00:00.000000'
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SQL>
SQL> drop table hoegh2 purge;
表已删除。
SQL> create table hoegh2
2 (
3 id NUMBER,
4 TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP(6)
5 )
6 partition by range(TIMESTAMP)
7 (
8 partition p_201505 values less than(timestamp'2015-06-01 00:00:00.000000'),
9 partition p_201506 values less than(timestamp'2015-07-01 00:00:00.000000'),
10 partition p_201507 values less than(timestamp'2015-08-01 00:00:00.000000'),
11 partition p_201508 values less than(timestamp'2015-09-01 00:00:00.000000'),
12 partition p_201509 values less than(timestamp'2015-10-01 00:00:00.000000'),
13 partition p_201510 values less than(timestamp'2015-11-01 00:00:00.000000'),
14 partition p_201511 values less than(timestamp'2015-12-01 00:00:00.000000'),
15 partition p_201512 values less than(timestamp'2016-01-01 00:00:00.000000'),
16 partition p_201601 values less than(timestamp'2016-02-01 00:00:00.000000'),
17 partition p_201602 values less than(timestamp'2016-03-01 00:00:00.000000'),
18 partition p_201603 values less than(timestamp'2016-04-01 00:00:00.000000'),
19 partition p_201604 values less than(timestamp'2016-05-01 00:00:00.000000'),
20 partition p_201605 values less than(timestamp'2016-06-01 00:00:00.000000'),
21 partition p_201606 values less than(timestamp'2016-07-01 00:00:00.000000'),
22 partition p_201607 values less than(timestamp'2016-08-01 00:00:00.000000')
23 );
表已创建。
SQL>

虽然问题得到了顺利解决，但是为什么会报错还是没弄明白，如果有了解原理的朋友还望不吝赐教。

~~~~~~~ the end~~~~~~~~~
hoegh
2016.07.12

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