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npm-scripts 在 windows 下的兼容问题

今天有开发的同事问我说,在本机开发的 windows 上运行构建命令报错,不知道怎么回事儿。

作为一名 Mac 用户,当然也不知道为什么啦,过去看看,果然有错误。

我们的开发构建命令是基于 npmscripts ,其实就是很简单的一句话:

{
  "scripts": {
    ...
    "build": "NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules"
  },
  ...
}

这个命令在 Mac 下没有问题,在 windows 下运行却报如下错误:

0 info it worked if it ends with ok
1 verbose cli [ 'C://Program Files//nodejs//node.exe',
1 verbose cli   'C://Program Files//nodejs//node_modules//npm//bin//npm-cli.js',
1 verbose cli   'run',
1 verbose cli   'build' ]
2 info using npm@3.10.8
3 info using node@v6.9.1
4 verbose run-script [ 'prebuild', 'build', 'postbuild' ]
5 info lifecycle @~prebuild: @
6 silly lifecycle @~prebuild: no script for prebuild, continuing
7 info lifecycle @~build: @
8 verbose lifecycle @~build: unsafe-perm in lifecycle true
9 verbose lifecycle @~build: PATH: C:/Program Files/nodejs/node_modules/npm/bin/node-gyp-bin;<WORK_DIR>/node_modules/.bin;C:/Users/<USER_DIR>/bin;F:/Git/mingw64/bin;F:/Git/usr/local/bin;F:/Git/usr/bin;F:/Git/usr/bin;F:/Git/mingw64/bin;F:/Git/usr/bin;C:/Users/<USER_DIR>/bin;C:/Windows/system32;C:/Windows;C:/Windows/System32/Wbem;C:/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0;C:/Program Files (x86)/NVIDIA Corporation/PhysX/Common;C:/Program Files/nodejs;C:/Go/bin;C:/Users/<USER_DIR>/AppData/Local/Microsoft/WindowsApps;C:/Users/<USER_DIR>/AppData/Roaming/npm;F:/Git/usr/bin/vendor_perl;F:/Git/usr/bin/core_perl
10 verbose lifecycle @~build: CWD: <WORK_DIR>
11 silly lifecycle @~build: Args: [ '/d /s /c',
11 silly lifecycle   'NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules' ]
12 silly lifecycle @~build: Returned: code: 1  signal: null
13 info lifecycle @~build: Failed to exec build script
14 verbose stack Error: @ build: `NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules`
14 verbose stack Exit status 1
14 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.<anonymous> (C:/Program Files/nodejs/node_modules/npm/lib/utils/lifecycle.js:255:16)
14 verbose stack     at emitTwo (events.js:106:13)
14 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.emit (events.js:191:7)
14 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (C:/Program Files/nodejs/node_modules/npm/lib/utils/spawn.js:40:14)
14 verbose stack     at emitTwo (events.js:106:13)
14 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:191:7)
14 verbose stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:877:16)
14 verbose stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:226:5)
15 verbose pkgid @
16 verbose cwd <WORK_DIR>
17 error Windows_NT 10.0.14393
18 error argv "C://Program Files//nodejs//node.exe" "C://Program Files//nodejs//node_modules//npm//bin//npm-cli.js" "run" "build"
19 error node v6.9.1
20 error npm  v3.10.8
21 error code ELIFECYCLE
22 error @ build: `NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules`
22 error Exit status 1
23 error Failed at the @ build script 'NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules'.
23 error Make sure you have the latest version of node.js and npm installed.
23 error If you do, this is most likely a problem with the  package,
23 error not with npm itself.
23 error Tell the author that this fails on your system:
23 error     NODE_ENV=production webpack --progress --hide-modules
23 error You can get information on how to open an issue for this project with:
23 error     npm bugs
23 error Or if that isn't available, you can get their info via:
23 error     npm owner ls
23 error There is likely additional logging output above.
24 verbose exit [ 1, true ]

调试了一下,问题就出在这个命令本身。

这位同学开发用的是 git-shell 自带的命令行,本身是支持 linux 命令执行的。

比如我们直接在命令行下执行:

NODE_ENV=production
export NODE_ENV=production

都是没问题的,但结合到 npm scripts 上,却运行失败。

当我们去掉这个 env 设定,再次执行 npm scripts 命令:

{
  "scripts": {
    ...
    "build": "webpack --progress --hide-modules"
  },
  ...
}

就会发现没问题了,但结果当然是不是我们想要的。

怎么办?

可以把要执行的代码写到独立的 JS 中,使用 node 命令来运行,比如:

{
  "scripts": {
    ...
    "build": "node build/build.js"
  },
  ...
}

build/build.js 文件中,再设定执行环境之类的:

var ora = require('ora')
var webpack = require('webpack')
var webpackConfig = require('../webpack.config.js')

process.env.NODE_ENV = 'production'

var spinner = ora('building for production...')
spinner.start()

webpack(webpackConfig, function (err, stats) {
  spinner.stop()
  if (err) throw err
  process.stdout.write(stats.toString({
    colors: true,
    modules: false,
    children: false,
    chunks: false,
    chunkModules: false
  }) + '/n')
})

这其实也是 vue 脚手架自动生成的构建方式,果然还是最佳实践靠谱一点。

原文  https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000007709007
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