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DNS 引起经典RAC故障

DNS 引起经典RAC故障

作者：吴伟龙(PrudentWoo)


一、环境介绍：

这是一套四年前部署的RAC系统，之前运行一直很好，没有出过问题，平时基本处于无人管的状态。

OS:Redhat EnterPrise Linux 5.8 x86_x64

DB:Oracle Database EnterPrise  11.2.0.4

GI:Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11.2.0.4


二、问题描述：

         昨天临近下班接到现场人员故障请求，描述为数据库无法连接，报ORA-12547:TNS: lost  CONNECT。当时第一反应是网络和监听故障，让现场人员进行tnsping和ping都是正常的。


三、问题现象：

         我到达现场后，首先查看了数据库的状态，发现数据库实例是停止运行状态，并且从日志中看不出明显报错；

      数据库日志：

  1. Starting up:
  2. Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
  3. With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
  4. and Real Application Testing options.
  5. ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.4/product/db_1
  6. System name:    Linux
  7. Node name:    db01
  8. Release:    3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86_64
  9. Version:    #2 SMP Wed Sep 10 06:10:25 PDT 2014
  10. Machine:    x86_64
  11. VM name:    VMWare Version: 6
  12. Using parameter settings in server-side pfile /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.4/product/db_1/dbs/initwoo1.ora
  13. System parameters with non-default values:
  14.   processes = 600
  15.   sessions = 922
  16.   spfile = "+DATA/woo/spfilewoo.ora"
  17.   nls_language = "SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"
  18.   nls_territory = "CHINA"
  19.   memory_target = 1584M
  20.   control_files = "+DATA/woo/controlfile/current.260.930748953"
  21.   control_files = "+FRA01/woo/controlfile/current.256.930748953"
  22.   db_block_size = 8192
  23.   compatible = "11.2.0.4.0"
  24.   cluster_database = TRUE
  25.   db_create_file_dest = "+DATA"
  26.   db_recovery_file_dest = "+FRA01"
  27.   db_recovery_file_dest_size= 4407M
  28.   thread = 1
  29.   undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS1"
  30.   instance_number = 1
  31.   remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
  32.   db_domain = ""
  33.   dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=wooXDB)"
  34.   remote_listener = "scan.prudentwoo.com:1521"
  35.   audit_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/woo/adump"
  36.   audit_trail = "DB"
  37.   db_name = "woo"
  38.   open_cursors = 300
  39.   diagnostic_dest = "/u01/app/oracle"
  40. Cluster communication is configured to use the following interface(s) for this instance
  41.   169.254.51.38
  42.   169.254.243.157
  43. cluster interconnect IPC version:Oracle UDP/IP (generic)
  44. IPC Vendor 1 proto 2
  45. Fri Dec 16 15:24:55 2016
  46. USER (ospid: 4044): terminating the instance due to error 119
  47. Instance terminated by USER, pid = 4044

     数据库状态：

  1. [oracle@db01 ~]$ crsctl status res -t
  2. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  3. NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
  4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  5. Local Resources
  6. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  7. ora.BAK01.dg
  8.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  9.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  10. ora.DATA.dg
  11.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  12.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  13. ora.FRA01.dg
  14.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  15.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  16. ora.LISTENER.lsnr
  17.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  18.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  19. ora.OCR_VOT.dg
  20.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  21.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  22. ora.asm
  23.                ONLINE ONLINE db01 Started
  24.                ONLINE ONLINE db02 Started
  25. ora.gsd
  26.                OFFLINE OFFLINE db01
  27.                OFFLINE OFFLINE db02
  28. ora.net1.network
  29.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  30.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  31. ora.ons
  32.                ONLINE ONLINE db01
  33.                ONLINE ONLINE db02
  34. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  35. Cluster Resources
  36. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  37. ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
  38.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db02
  39. ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
  40.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  41. ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
  42.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  43. ora.cvu
  44.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  45. ora.db01.vip
  46.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  47. ora.db02.vip
  48.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db02
  49. ora.oc4j
  50.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  51. ora.scan1.vip
  52.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db02
  53. ora.scan2.vip
  54.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  55. ora.scan3.vip
  56.       1 ONLINE ONLINE db01
  57. ora.woo.db
  58.       1 ONLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
  59.       2 ONLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
  1. [oracle@db01 ~]$ srvctl status database -d woo
  2. Instance woo1 is not running on node db01
  3. Instance woo2 is not running on node db02

四、手工带起数据库：

  1. [oracle@db01 trace]$ srvctl start database -d woo
  2. PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.woo.db
  3. CRS-5017: The resource action "ora.woo.db start" encountered the following error:
  4. ORA-00119: invalid specification for system parameter REMOTE_LISTENER
  5. ORA-00132: syntax error or unresolved network name 'scan.prudentwoo.com:1521'
  6. . For details refer to "(:CLSN00107:)" in "/u01/app/11.2.0.4/product/grid/log/db02/agent/crsd/oraagent_oracle/oraagent_oracle.log".

  8. CRS-5017: The resource action "ora.woo.db start" encountered the following error:
  9. ORA-00119: invalid specification for system parameter REMOTE_LISTENER
  10. ORA-00132: syntax error or unresolved network name 'scan.prudentwoo.com:1521'
  11. . For details refer to "(:CLSN00107:)" in "/u01/app/11.2.0.4/product/grid/log/db01/agent/crsd/oraagent_oracle/oraagent_oracle.log".

  13. CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.woo.db' on 'db02' failed
  14. CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.woo.db' on 'db01' failed
  15. CRS-2632: There are no more servers to try to place resource 'ora.woo.db' on that would satisfy its placement policy

    日志信息：

  1. alert.log:
  2. [oracle@db01 trace]$ tail -0f alert_woo1.log
  3. Fri Dec 16 15:37:08 2016
  4. Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
  5. LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
  6. LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
  7. Initial number of CPU is 2
  8. Private Interface 'eth1:1' configured from GPnP for use as a private interconnect.
  9.   [name='eth1:1', type=1, ip=169.254.51.38, mac=00-0c-29-7c-44-ca, net=169.254.0.0/17, mask=255.255.128.0, use=haip:cluster_interconnect/62]
  10. Private Interface 'eth2:1' configured from GPnP for use as a private interconnect.
  11.   [name='eth2:1', type=1, ip=169.254.243.157, mac=00-0c-29-7c-44-d4, net=169.254.128.0/17, mask=255.255.128.0, use=haip:cluster_interconnect/62]
  12. Public Interface 'eth0' configured from GPnP for use as a public interface.
  13.   [name='eth0', type=1, ip=192.168.84.11, mac=00-0c-29-7c-44-c0, net=192.168.84.0/24, mask=255.255.255.0, use=public/1]
  14. Public Interface 'eth0:1' configured from GPnP for use as a public interface.
  15.   [name='eth0:1', type=1, ip=192.168.84.22, mac=00-0c-29-7c-44-c0, net=192.168.84.0/24, mask=255.255.255.0, use=public/1]
  16. Public Interface 'eth0:3' configured from GPnP for use as a public interface.
  17.   [name='eth0:3', type=1, ip=192.168.84.20, mac=00-0c-29-7c-44-c0, net=192.168.84.0/24, mask=255.255.255.0, use=public/1]
  18. Public Interface 'eth0:5' configured from GPnP for use as a public interface.
  19.   [name='eth0:5', type=1, ip=192.168.84.13, mac=00-0c-29-7c-44-c0, net=192.168.84.0/24, mask=255.255.255.0, use=public/1]
  20. CELL communication is configured to use 0 interface(s):
  21. CELL IP affinity details:
  22.     NUMA status: non-NUMA system
  23.     cellaffinity.ora status: N/A
  24. CELL communication will use 1 IP group(s):
  25.     Grp 0:
  26. Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3
  27. Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
  28. Autotune of undo retention is turned on.
  29. LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
  30. SYS auditing is disabled
  31. Starting up:
  32. Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
  33. With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
  34. and Real Application Testing options.
  35. ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.4/product/db_1
  36. System name:    Linux
  37. Node name:    db01
  38. Release:    3.8.13-44.1.1.el6uek.x86_64
  39. Version:    #2 SMP Wed Sep 10 06:10:25 PDT 2014
  40. Machine:    x86_64
  41. VM name:    VMWare Version: 6
  42. Using parameter settings in server-side pfile /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.4/product/db_1/dbs/initwoo1.ora
  43. System parameters with non-default values:
  44.   processes = 600
  45.   sessions = 922
  46.   spfile = "+DATA/woo/spfilewoo.ora"
  47.   nls_language = "SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"
  48.   nls_territory = "CHINA"
  49.   memory_target = 1584M
  50.   control_files = "+DATA/woo/controlfile/current.260.930748953"
  51.   control_files = "+FRA01/woo/controlfile/current.256.930748953"
  52.   db_block_size = 8192
  53.   compatible = "11.2.0.4.0"
  54.   cluster_database = TRUE
  55.   db_create_file_dest = "+DATA"
  56.   db_recovery_file_dest = "+FRA01"
  57.   db_recovery_file_dest_size= 4407M
  58.   thread = 1
  59.   undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS1"
  60.   instance_number = 1
  61.   remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
  62.   db_domain = ""
  63.   dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=wooXDB)"
  64.   remote_listener = "scan.prudentwoo.com:1521"
  65.   audit_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/woo/adump"
  66.   audit_trail = "DB"
  67.   db_name = "woo"
  68.   open_cursors = 300
  69.   diagnostic_dest = "/u01/app/oracle"
  70. Cluster communication is configured to use the following interface(s) for this instance
  71.   169.254.51.38
  72.   169.254.243.157
  73. cluster interconnect IPC version:Oracle UDP/IP (generic)
  74. IPC Vendor 1 proto 2
  75. Fri Dec 16 15:37:49 2016
  76. USER (ospid: 6043): terminating the instance due to error 119
  77. Instance terminated by USER, pid = 6043

五、问题分析：

         我从启动数据库来看，发现数据库此时无法正常启动，并随着报ORA-00132，日志报error 119。

         根据启动提示可以将问题定位到scan，因scan故障引起数据库无法正常启动。


六、检查scan配置信息：

  1. #check scan info:
  2. [oracle@db01 ~]$ srvctl config scan
  3. SCAN name: scan.prudentwoo.com, Network: 1/192.168.84.0/255.255.255.0/eth0
  4. SCAN VIP name: scan1, IP: /scan.prudentwoo.com/192.168.84.21
  5. SCAN VIP name: scan2, IP: /scan.prudentwoo.com/192.168.84.22
  6. SCAN VIP name: scan3, IP: /scan.prudentwoo.com/192.168.84.20


  9. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ping 192.168.84.20 -c 2
  10. PING 192.168.84.20 (192.168.84.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
  11. 64 bytes from 192.168.84.20: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.032 ms
  12. 64 bytes from 192.168.84.20: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms

  14. --- 192.168.84.20 ping statistics ---
  15. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
  16. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.032/0.035/0.039/0.006 ms
  17. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ping 192.168.84.21 -c 2
  18. PING 192.168.84.21 (192.168.84.21) 56(84) bytes of data.
  19. 64 bytes from 192.168.84.21: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.231 ms
  20. 64 bytes from 192.168.84.21: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.292 ms

  22. --- 192.168.84.21 ping statistics ---
  23. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
  24. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.231/0.261/0.292/0.034 ms
  25. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ping 192.168.84.22 -c 2
  26. PING 192.168.84.22 (192.168.84.22) 56(84) bytes of data.
  27. 64 bytes from 192.168.84.22: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.024 ms
  28. 64 bytes from 192.168.84.22: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms

  30. --- 192.168.84.22 ping statistics ---
  31. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
  32. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.024/0.029/0.034/0.005 ms
  33. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ping scan.prudentwoo.com -c 2
  34. ping: unknown host scan.prudentwoo.com


           我们可以看到，现在scan对应的三个地址都是通的，说明SCAN的服务是好的，但是ping scan所对应的域名的时候报无法找到主机，无法解析域名，那么下一步可以定位应该是域名服务出问题了。



七、在两台数据库服务器上检查域名(dns)服务，结果是域名服务器没有在这两台数据服务器上：

  1. #check dns client and server:
  2. [oracle@db01 ~]$ /sbin/chkconfig --list|grep named
  3. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ssh db02 '/sbin/chkconfig --list|grep named'
  4. [oracle@db01 ~]$

  6. check dns client:
  7. [oracle@db01 ~]$ cat /etc/resolv.conf
  8. search prudentwoo.com
  9. nameserver 192.168.84.15

八、根据resolv.conf配置找到真正的域名服务器，发现域名域名服务器hang住：

  1. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ping 192.168.84.15 -c 2
  2. PING 192.168.84.15 (192.168.84.15) 56(84) bytes of data.
  3. From 192.168.84.11 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
  4. From 192.168.84.11 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable

  6. --- 192.168.84.15 ping statistics ---
  7. 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, +2 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3007ms
  8. pipe 2

九、修复域名服务器，现在可以正常解析：

  1. [oracle@db01 ~]$ ping scan.prudentwoo.com -c 2
  2. PING scan.prudentwoo.com (192.168.84.21) 56(84) bytes of data.
  3. 64 bytes from scan.prudentwoo.com (192.168.84.21): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.494 ms
  4. 64 bytes from scan.prudentwoo.com (192.168.84.21): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.289 ms

  6. --- scan.prudentwoo.com ping statistics ---
  7. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
  8. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.289/0.391/0.494/0.104 ms

十、再次启动数据库：

  1. [oracle@db01 ~]$ srvctl start database -d woo
  2. [oracle@db01 ~]$ srvctl status database -d woo
  3. Instance woo1 is running on node db01
  4. Instance woo2 is running on node db02

  6. [oracle@db01 ~]$ srvctl config database -d woo
  7. Database unique name: woo
  8. Database name: woo
  9. Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.4/product/db_1
  10. Oracle user: oracle
  11. Spfile: +DATA/woo/spfilewoo.ora
  12. Domain:
  13. Start options: open
  14. Stop options: immediate
  15. Database role: PRIMARY
  16. Management policy: AUTOMATIC
  17. Server pools: woo
  18. Database instances: woo1,woo2
  19. Disk Groups: DATA,FRA01
  20. Mount point paths:
  21. Services:
  22. Type: RAC
  23. Database is administrator managed

能正常启动，故障修复。


       从整个问题的处理思路来看该故障不仅考验解决数据库故障能力，同时安装，基本运行原理都有考察到，当然考验更多的应该还是操作系统和DNS服务的深入理解。

      当然我是很庆幸的，出于职业敏感度，一堆报错中瞬间发现问题根源ORA-00132，而没有从其它报错信息入手。








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