python之简单主机批量管理工具

今天做了一个很简单的小项目，感受到了paramiko模块的强大，也深感自己Linux的功力不行~~

一、需求

二、简单需求分析及流程图

需求很少，我就简单地说下:

1. 主机分组可以配置文件实现(我用字典存数据的).

2. 登陆功能不做。选择分组后可查看组内对应主机的主机名和IP地址.

3. >>>cmd: df(输入命令则起多个线程(视组内有多少个主机而定)同时执行)

输出:

－－－－－－－－－－－－－h1－－－－－－－－－－－－

……(命令返回的数据)

－－－－－－－－－－－－－h2－－－－－－－－－－－－

……

>>>put  test.yy(本地文件)   filename (把本地的test.yy文件传到远程主机的/root目录下)

4.可写在配置文件中。包括远程主机的: 主机名 IP 用户名 密码 端口

流程图

我做的流程图 https://www.processon.com/diagraming/588a1219e4b087b11659068b

三、目录结构及源代码

目录结构:

from_windows.py(待上传的文件)

main.py(批量主机管理接口)

1 """批量主机管理接口"""
2 
3 import core
4 
5 if __name__ == "__main__":
6     core.run()

View Code

core.py(核心代码，被接口调用)

 1 """核心代码"""
 2 import settings
 3 import paramiko
 4 import threading
 5 import os
 6 
 7 
 8 class REMOTE_HOST(object):
 9     #远程操作主机
10     def __init__(self, host, port ,username, password, cmd):
11         self.host = host
12         self.port = port
13         self.username = username
14         self.password = password
15         self.cmd = cmd
16 
17     def run(self):
18         """起线程连接远程主机后调用"""
19         cmd_str = self.cmd.split()[0]
20         if hasattr(self, cmd_str):      #反射 eg:调用put方法
21             getattr(self, cmd_str)()
22         else:
23             #setattr(x,'y',v)is  equivalent  to   ``x.y=v''
24             setattr(self, cmd_str, self.command)
25             getattr(self, cmd_str)()  #调用command方法，执行批量命令处理
26 
27     def command(self):
28         """批量命令处理"""
29         ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()  #创建ssh对象
30         #允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
31         ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
32         ssh.connect(hostname=self.host,port=self.port,username=self.username,password=self.password)
33         stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command(self.cmd)
34         result = stdout.read()
35         print("%s".center(50, "-") % self.host)
36         print(result.decode())
37         ssh.close()
38 
39     def put(self):
40         """上传文件"""
41         filename = self.cmd.split()[1]  #要上传的文件
42         transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host, self.port))
43         transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password)
44         sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
45         sftp.put(filename, filename)
46         print("put sucesss")
47 
48         transport.close()
49 
50 
51 def show_host_list():
52     """通过选择分组显示主机名与IP"""
53     for index, key in enumerate(settings.msg_dic):
54         print(index + 1, key, len(settings.msg_dic[key]))
55     while True:
56         choose_host_list = input(">>>(eg:group1)").strip()
57         host_dic = settings.msg_dic.get(choose_host_list)
58         if host_dic:
59             #print(host_dic)
60             for key in host_dic:
61                 print(key, host_dic[key]["IP"])
62             return host_dic
63         else:
64             print("NO exit this group!")
65 
66 
67 def interactive(choose_host_list):
68     """根据选择的分组主机起多个线程进行批量交互"""
69     thread_list = []
70     while True:
71         cmd = input(">>>").strip()
72         if cmd:
73             for key in choose_host_list:
74                 host, port, username, password = choose_host_list[key]["IP"], choose_host_list[key]["port"], /
75                                                  choose_host_list[key]["username"], choose_host_list[key]["password"]
76                 func = REMOTE_HOST(host, port, username, password, cmd)  # 实例化类
77                 t = threading.Thread(target=func.run)  # 起线程
78                 t.start()
79                 thread_list.append(t)
80             for t in thread_list:
81                 t.join()  # 主线程等待子线程执行完毕
82         else:
83             continue
84 
85 
86 def run():
87     choose_host_list = show_host_list()
88     interactive(choose_host_list)

settings.py(配置文件)

 1 """配置文件"""
 2 
 3 msg_dic = {
 4     "group1":{    #分组1
 5         "h1":{"IP":"192.168.1.1", "username":"11", "password":"aa", "port":22},
 6         "h2":{"IP":"192.168.1.2", "username":"22", "password":"bb", "port":22},
 7         "h3":{"IP":"192.168.1.3", "username":"33", "password":"cc", "port":22},
 8         "h4":{"IP":"192.168.1.4", "username":"44", "password":"dd", "port":22},
 9         "h5":{"IP":"192.168.1.5", "username":"55", "password":"ee", "port":22},
10         "h6":{"IP":"192.168.1.6", "username":"66", "password":"ff", "port":22},
11     },
12 
13     "group2":{    #分组2
14         "h1":{"IP":"192.168.2.1", "username":"111", "password":"aaa", "port":22},
15         "h2":{"IP":"192.168.2.2", "username":"222", "password":"bbb", "port":22},
16         "h3":{"IP":"192.168.2.3", "username":"333", "password":"ccc", "port":22},
17         "h4":{"IP":"192.168.2.4", "username":"444", "password":"ddd", "port":22},
18         "h5":{"IP":"192.168.2.5", "username":"555", "password":"eee", "port":22},
19         "h6":{"IP":"192.168.2.6", "username":"666", "password":"fff", "port":22},
20         "h7":{"IP":"192.168.2.7", "username":"777", "password":"ggg", "port":22},
21         "h8":{"IP":"192.168.2.8", "username":"888", "password":"hhh", "port":22},
22     },
23 
24     "group3":{
25         "h1":{"IP":"192.168.179.133", "username":"root", "password":"zcl", "port":22},
26     }
27 }

View Code

测试:

硬件限制，我只用连接一台虚拟机测试~

C:/Python34/python3.exe C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/laonanhai/host_manage/main.py
1 group1 6
2 group3 1
3 group2 8
>>>(eg:group1)group3
h1 192.168.179.133
>>>put from_windows.py
put sucesss
>>>
>>>ls
------------------------192.168.179.133------------------------
anaconda-ks.cfg
database_test
from_windows.py
install.log
install.log.syslog
m
oot
/root
tmp/from_windows.py

>>>

上传前没有from_windows.py文件，上传后就有了!

PS:关于paramiko模块可以看看这篇博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/4670433.html