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MySQL SQL优化一例


slowlog里查到一条sql执行了10秒钟以上

  1. Time: 2017-03-02T18:41:50.201376+08:00
  2. User@Host: oms_readonly[oms_readonly] @ [10.xx.xx.xx] Id: 54124620
  3. # Query_time: 11.005894 Lock_time: 0.000223 Rows_sent: 20 Rows_examined: 1838114
  4. SET timestamp=1488451310;
  5. select * from customers where `type` = 1 AND `status` < 7 AND `isarea` = 6 AND `into_time`>='2016-12-01'AND `into_time`<='2017-01-02 23:59:59' order by score desc limit 40,20;
查看执行计划

  1. mysql> explain select * from customers where `type` = 1 AND `status` < 7 AND `isarea` = 6 AND `into_time`>='2016-12-01'AND `into_time`<='2017-01-02 23:59:59' order by score desc limit 40,20;
  2. +----+-------------+-----------+------------+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+-------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+
  3. | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
  4. +----+-------------+-----------+------------+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+-------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+
  5. | 1 | SIMPLE | customers | NULL | index | type,into_time,isarea,status,idx_isarea_renew_owner,type_status | score | 2 | NULL | 603 | 0.21 | Using where |
  6. +----+-------------+-----------+------------+-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+-------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+
  7. 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
看下列的选择性,很明显isarea列的选择性更好

  1. mysql> select count(*) from customers where `type` = 1;
  2. +----------+
  3. | count(*) |
  4. +----------+
  5. | 2373175 |
  6. +----------+
  7. 1 row in set (1.53 sec)

  8. mysql> select count(*) from customers where `status` < 7;
  9.     -> ;
  10. +----------+
  11. | count(*) |
  12. +----------+
  13. | 2494232 |
  14. +----------+
  15. 1 row in set (3.16 sec)

  16. mysql> select count(*) from customers where `isarea` = 6;
  17. +----------+
  18. | count(*) |
  19. +----------+
  20. | 135347 |
  21. +----------+
  22. 1 row in set (0.15 sec)

  23. mysql> select count(*) from customers where `into_time`>='2016-12-01'AND `into_time`<='2017-01-02 23:59:59';
  24. +----------+
  25. | count(*) |
  26. +----------+
  27. | 106158 |
  28. +----------+
  29. 1 row in set (0.12 sec)
isarea有索引,强制用这个列的索引

  1. mysql> explain select * from customers use index(isarea) where `type` = 1 AND `status` < 7 AND `isarea` = 6 AND `into_time`>='2016-12-01'AND `into_time`<='2017-01-02 23:59:59' order by score desc limit 40,20;
  2. +----+-------------+-----------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----------+----------------------------------------------------+
  3. | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
  4. +----+-------------+-----------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----------+----------------------------------------------------+
  5. | 1 | SIMPLE | customers | NULL | ref | isarea | isarea | 5 | const | 249438 | 1.85 | Using index condition; Using where; Using filesort |
  6. +----+-------------+-----------+------------+------+---------------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----------+----------------------------------------------------+
  7. 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
优化前10几秒出结果,优化后0.5秒出结果。
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