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将Oracle数据库改为归档模式并启用Rman备份

如下Linux环境下对单节点数据库采用文件系统情况的配置归档模式过程。

首先查看数据库归档模式和磁盘使用情况，确定归档文件放到什么位置：

[oracle@gisdbserver ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode No Archive Mode

Automatic archival Disabled

Archive destination /dbback/archivelog

Oldest online log sequence 92

Current log sequence 97

根据如下磁盘使用情况，在相应的目录下建立相关归档和备份目录：

[root@gisdbserver ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_gisdbserver-lv_root 99G 3.8G 90G 4% /

tmpfs 16G 76K 16G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda2 485M 39M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sda1 200M 260K 200M 1% /boot/efi

/dev/mapper/vg_gisdbserver-LogVol03 481G 198M 457G 1% /dbback

/dev/mapper/vg_gisdbserver-LogVol04 407G 9.3G 377G 3% /home

/dev/mapper/vg_gisdbserver-LogVol02 99G 4.5G 89G 5% /opt

/dev/sdb 441G 72G 347G 18% /oradata

创建相关归档日志存放目录：

[root@gisdbserver ~]# cd /dbback/

[root@gisdbserver dbback]# mkdir archivelog

[root@gisdbserver dbback]# chown -R oracle:oinstall archivelog/

[root@gisdbserver dbback]# mkdir rman

[root@gisdbserver dbback]# chown oracle:oinstall rman/

[root@gisdbserver rman]# mkdir fullback

[root@gisdbserver rman]# mkdir archiveback

[root@gisdbserver rman]# chown oracle:oinstall archiveback/

[root@gisdbserver rman]# chown oracle:oinstall fullback/

登录数据库指定归档存放目录：

[oracle@gisdbserver ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/dbback/archivelog';

System altered.

SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest_1

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

log_archive_dest_1 string location=/dbback/archivelog

要将非归档数据库模式改为归档模式，需要在mount状态下执行alter database archivelog命令才行，如下：

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode No Archive Mode

Automatic archival Disabled

Archive destination /dbback/archivelog

Oldest online log sequence 92

Current log sequence 97

SQL> alter database archivelog;

alter database archivelog

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01126: database must be mounted in this instance and not open in any

instance

因此需要在合适的时间关闭数据库，重新启动到mount状态下才能改变为归档模式。

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount;

SQL> alter database archivelog;

要开启rman备份，需要对配置rman相关的一些参数，具体如下：

oracle@gisdbserver ~]$ rman target /

RMAN> backup DATABASE include CURRENT controlfile format '/dbback/rman/fullback/data_%d_%T_%s_%p' plus archivelog format '+/dbback/rman/archiveback/arch_%d_%T_%s';

以上语句也可以通过linux的crontab 和 bash脚本方式进行自动化运行。

run{

DELETE NOPROMPT expired archivelog ALL;

allocate channel d1 TYPE disk maxpiecesize=30G;

allocate channel d2 TYPE disk maxpiecesize=30G;

backup DATABASE include CURRENT controlfile format '/dbback/rman/fullback/data_%d_%T_%s_%p' plus archivelog format '+/dbback/rman/archiveback/arch_%d_%T_%s';

release channel d1;

release channel d2;

crosscheck backup;

DELETE noprompt obsolete REDUNDANCY 1;

}

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