iOS数据埋点统计方案选型(附Demo)：运行时Method Swizzling机制与AOP编程(面向切面编程)
- 统计UIViewController加载次数
- 统计UIButton点击次数
- 统计自定义方法的执行
- 统计UITableView的Cell点击事件
工程说明，首页ViewController的view上添加Test1ViewController，其中有4个按钮，点击第一个按钮打印，第二个到第四个按钮分别跳转到Test2ViewController，Test3ViewController，Test4ViewController。
技术选型：
- 复制统计的代码逻辑一个个地粘贴到需要统计的类和方法中去。工作量大，可维护性差，仅适用统计埋点极少的情况。
- 通过运行时Runtime的办法 -- 利用Method Swizzling机制进行方法替换：替换原来的需要在里面统计却不含统计逻辑的方法 为 新的包含了统计逻辑的方法。
- 通过AOP的方法 -- 利用Aspect框架对需要进行统计的方法进行挂钩（hook），并注入包含了统计逻辑的代码块（block）。
2. 为VC设计的分类：运行时Method Swizzling方案
场景需求：需要监听全局的某一类的同一方法
这种方案被监听的方法单一，但会影响全局的所有的类的该方法。例如下面的分类，即使你不 import ，只要存在于工程就会影响。
- UIViewController+Trace
#import "UIViewController+Trace.h"
#import "TraceHandler.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import <objc/objc.h>
#import "Aspects.h"
@implementation UIViewController (Trace)
#pragma mark - 1.自定义实现方法
+ (void)load{
swizzleMethod([self class], @selector(viewDidAppear:), @selector(swizzled_viewDidAppear:));
}
- (void)swizzled_viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{
// call original implementation
[self swizzled_viewDidAppear:animated];
// Begin statistics Event
[TraceHandler statisticsWithEventName:@"UIViewController"];
}
void swizzleMethod(Class class,SEL originalSelector,SEL swizzledSelector){
// the method might not exist in the class, but in its superclass
Method originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originalSelector);
Method swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, swizzledSelector);
// class_addMethod will fail if original method already exists
BOOL didAddMethod = class_addMethod(class, originalSelector, method_getImplementation(swizzledMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(swizzledMethod));
// the method doesn’t exist and we just added one
if (didAddMethod) {
class_replaceMethod(class, swizzledSelector, method_getImplementation(originalMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod));
}
else {
method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, swizzledMethod);
}
}
@end
- TraceHandler.m
#import "TraceHandler.h"
@implementation TraceHandler
+ (void)statisticsWithEventName:(NSString *)eventName{
NSLog(@"-----> %@",eventName);
}
@end
3. 为VC设计的分类：AOP编程方案
场景需求：该方案的适用特点同上第二节。
Aspects 是iOS平台一个轻量级的面向切面编程(AOP)框架，只包括两个方法：一个类方法，一个实例方法。
+ (id<AspectToken>)aspect_hookSelector:(SEL)selector
withOptions:(AspectOptions)options
usingBlock:(id)block
error:(NSError **)error;
- (id<AspectToken>)aspect_hookSelector:(SEL)selector
withOptions:(AspectOptions)options
usingBlock:(id)block
error:(NSError **)error;
函数使用方式简单易懂，挂钩的方式为三种：
typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, AspectOptions) {
AspectPositionAfter = 0, /// 在原始方法后调用（默认）
AspectPositionInstead = 1, /// 替换原始方法
AspectPositionBefore = 2, /// 在原始方法前调用
AspectOptionAutomaticRemoval = 1 << 3 /// 在执行1次后自动移除
};
调用示例代码：
[UIViewController aspect_hookSelector:@selector(viewWillAppear:) withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo, BOOL animated) {
NSLog(@"View Controller %@ will appear animated: %tu", aspectInfo.instance, animated);
} error:NULL];
这段代码是给UIViewController的viewWillAppear:挂钩一个Block，在原始方法执行完成后，打印字符串。
- UIViewController+Trace
#pragma mark - 2.使用Aspects框架
+ (void)load{
[UIViewController aspect_hookSelector:@selector(viewDidAppear:)
withOptions:AspectPositionAfter
usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo>aspectInfo){
NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([[aspectInfo instance] class]);;
[TraceHandler statisticsWithEventName:className];
} error:nil];
}
4. 为全局AppDelegate设计的分类：AOP编程方案
场景需求：需要监听不同类，不同按钮，系统方法，及表单元点击事件
方案特点：是可代码配置需要监听的清单字典，并且需要注入的统计代码块block也可以写在这个清单里面。
- AppDelegate+Trace.m
#import "AppDelegate+Trace.h"
#import "TraceManager.h"
@implementation AppDelegate (Trace)
+ (void)setupLogging{
NSDictionary *configDic = @{
@"ViewController":@{
@"des":@"show ViewController",
},
@"Test1ViewController":@{
@"des":@"show Test1ViewController",
@"TrackEvents":@[@{
@"EventDes":@"click action1",
@"EventSelectorName":@"action1",
@"block":^(id<AspectInfo>aspectInfo){
NSLog(@"统计 Test1ViewController action1 点击事件");
},
},
@{
@"EventDes":@"click action2",
@"EventSelectorName":@"action2",
@"block":^(id<AspectInfo>aspectInfo){
NSLog(@"统计 Test1ViewController action2 点击事件");
},
}],
},
@"Test2ViewController":@{
@"des":@"show Test2ViewController",
}
};
[TraceManager setUpWithConfig:configDic];
}
@end
- TraceManager.m
#import "TraceManager.h"
@import UIKit;
typedef void (^AspectHandlerBlock)(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo);
@implementation TraceManager
+ (void)setUpWithConfig:(NSDictionary *)configDic{
// hook 所有页面的viewDidAppear事件
[UIViewController aspect_hookSelector:@selector(viewDidAppear:)
withOptions:AspectPositionAfter
usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo){
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([[aspectInfo instance] class]);
NSString *des = configDic[className][@"des"];
if (des) {
NSLog(@"%@",des);
}
});
} error:NULL];
for (NSString *className in configDic) {
Class clazz = NSClassFromString(className);
NSDictionary *config = configDic[className];
if (config[@"TrackEvents"]) {
for (NSDictionary *event in config[@"TrackEvents"]) {
SEL selekor = NSSelectorFromString(event[@"EventSelectorName"]);
AspectHandlerBlock block = event[@"block"];
[clazz aspect_hookSelector:selekor
withOptions:AspectPositionAfter
usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo){
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
block(aspectInfo);
});
}error:NULL];
}
}
}
}
@end
5. 在AppDelegate的类方法中根据Plist监听清单进行HOOK
场景需求：需要监听不同类，不同按钮，系统方法，及表单元点击事件
方案特点：是可代码配置需要监听的清单Plist，但是不能将需要注入的统计代码块block写在这个清单Plist里面。
- EventList.plist
- AspectMananer.m
#pragma mark --- 监控button的点击事件
+ (void)trackBttonEvent{
__weak typeof(self) ws = self;
//设置事件统计
//放到异步线程去执行
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
//读取配置文件，获取需要统计的事件列表
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EventList" ofType:@"plist"];
NSDictionary *eventStatisticsDict = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:path];
for (NSString *classNameString in eventStatisticsDict.allKeys) {
//使用运行时创建类对象
const char * className = [classNameString UTF8String];
//从一个字串返回一个类
Class newClass = objc_getClass(className);
NSArray *pageEventList = [eventStatisticsDict objectForKey:classNameString];
for (NSDictionary *eventDict in pageEventList) {
//事件方法名称
NSString *eventMethodName = eventDict[@"MethodName"];
SEL seletor = NSSelectorFromString(eventMethodName);
NSString *eventId = eventDict[@"EventId"];
[ws trackEventWithClass:newClass selector:seletor eventID:eventId];
[ws trackTableViewEventWithClass:newClass selector:seletor eventID:eventId];
[ws trackParameterEventWithClass:newClass selector:seletor eventID:eventId];
}
}
});
}
#pragma mark -- 1.监控button和tap点击事件(不带参数)
+ (void)trackEventWithClass:(Class)klass selector:(SEL)selector eventID:(NSString*)eventID{
[klass aspect_hookSelector:selector withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo) {
NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([aspectInfo.instance class]);
NSLog(@"className--->%@",className);
NSLog(@"event----->%@",eventID);
if ([eventID isEqualToString:@"xxx"]) {
// [EJServiceUserInfo isLogin]?[MobClick event:eventID]:[MobClick event:@"???"];
}else{
// [MobClick event:eventID];
}
} error:NULL];
}
#pragma mark -- 2.监控button和tap点击事件（带参数）
+ (void)trackParameterEventWithClass:(Class)klass selector:(SEL)selector eventID:(NSString*)eventID{
[klass aspect_hookSelector:selector withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo,UIButton *button) {
NSLog(@"button---->%@",button);
NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([aspectInfo.instance class]);
NSLog(@"className--->%@",className);
NSLog(@"event----->%@",eventID);
} error:NULL];
}
#pragma mark -- 3.监控tableView的点击事件
+ (void)trackTableViewEventWithClass:(Class)klass selector:(SEL)selector eventID:(NSString*)eventID{
[klass aspect_hookSelector:selector withOptions:AspectPositionAfter usingBlock:^(id<AspectInfo> aspectInfo,NSSet *touches, UIEvent *event) {
NSString *className = NSStringFromClass([aspectInfo.instance class]);
NSLog(@"className--->%@",className);
NSLog(@"event----->%@",eventID);
NSLog(@"section---->%@",[event valueForKeyPath:@"section"]);
NSLog(@"row---->%@",[event valueForKeyPath:@"row"]);
NSInteger section = [[event valueForKeyPath:@"section"]integerValue];
NSInteger row = [[event valueForKeyPath:@"row"]integerValue];
//统计事件
if (section == 0 && row == 1) {
// [MobClick event:eventID];
}
} error:NULL];
}
- Appdelegate.m调用
[AspectMananer trackBttonEvent];
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文章和留言都翻到11页了 没有OOM
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朋友，翻页到11页，及以后，会出现OOM，无法访问
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版本号是多少，你可以下载哪个代码仓库，jdk选1.8 直接跑就行
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