最近研究了一下阿里开源的分布式RPC框架dubbo,楼主写了一个 demo,体验了一下dubbo的功能。
实际上,dubbo的官方文档已经提供了如何使用这个RPC框架example代码,基于 Netty 的长连接。楼主看这个框架主要是为了在微服务,service mesh大火的今天做一些技术储备以及了解一下分布式 RPC 框架的设计。
当然即便是写一个dubbo的demo也不能随便写写就好了,要认真对待说不定哪一天可以派上用场呢,下面是楼主写的代码的目录结构:
下面我来一一说明一下每个model的作用,
另外需要在pom文件中添加相关依赖
<!--dubbo--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>${dubbo.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.101tec</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>${zkclient_version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>${zookeeper_version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId> <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId> <version>${curator_version}</version> </dependency>
既然是 RPC 服务,那就需要一个接口,再有一个实现类。在这里的接口定义是在我们的micro-service-dubbo-interface,具体实现是在provider这里创建,在楼主的项目中就是在micro-service-dubbo-provider中创建 DemoService 的实现。
public interface DemoService { String sayHello(String name); public List getUsers(); }
@Service("demoService") public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService { @Override public String sayHello(String name) { System.out.println("[" + new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) + "] Hello " + name + ", request from consumer: " + RpcContext .getContext().getRemoteAddress()); return "Hello " + name + ", response from provider: " + RpcContext.getContext().getLocalAddress(); } @Override public List getUsers() { List list = new ArrayList(); User u1 = new User(); u1.setName("hejingyuan"); u1.setAge(20); u1.setSex("f"); User u2 = new User(); u2.setName("xvshu"); u2.setAge(21); u2.setSex("m"); list.add(u1); list.add(u2); return list; } }
然后consumer的 pom.xml 添加对这个接口的依赖,在这里的接口定义是在我们的consumer就是micro-service-dubbo-web。
<dependency> <groupId>com.whforever</groupId> <artifactId>micro-service-dubbo-provider</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.whforever</groupId> <artifactId>micro-service-dubbo-interface</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency>
有了接口,就需要配置一下。
首先在提供方这里发布接口。创建一个 xml 文件,名为:dubbo-provider.xml。
文件内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- provider's application name, used for tracing dependency relationship --> <dubbo:application name="demo-provider"/> <!-- use multicast registry center to export service --> <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181" /> <!-- use dubbo protocol to export service on port 20880 --> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/> <!-- service implementation, as same as regular local bean --> <bean id="demoProviderService" class="com.whforever.service.impl.DemoServiceImpl"/> <!-- declare the service interface to be exported --> <dubbo:service interface="com.whforever.service.DemoService" ref="demoProviderService"/> </beans>
很简单,发布了一个接口,类似 Spring 的一个 bean。
同样的,在consumer即 micro-service-dubbo-web 的 resource 文件下,也创建一个 dubbo-consumer.xml 文件。内容稍有不同。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> <!-- consumer's application name, used for tracing dependency relationship (not a matching criterion), don't set it same as provider --> <dubbo:application name="demo-consumer"/> <!-- use multicast registry center to discover service --> <!--<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"/>--> <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181" /> <!-- generate proxy for the remote service, then demoService can be used in the same way as the local regular interface --> <dubbo:reference id="demoConsumerService" check="false" interface="com.whforever.service.DemoService"/> </beans>
从上面可以看出这两个文件的注册发现协议是zookeeper,因此在服务启动之前需要启动zookeeper,具体移步 Zookeeper 注册中心安装启动
测试之前还要做点点工作。
在启动provider事需要一部分引导程序,请看如下代码:
public class ProviderMain { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { System.setProperty("java.net.preferIPv4Stack", "true"); ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("dubbo-provider.xml"); context.start(); System.in.read(); // press any key to exit } }
consumer代码
@Controller @RequestMapping("/") public class IndexController { @Autowired DemoService demoService; @RequestMapping("/echo") @ResponseBody public String echo() { System.out.println(">>>>>>echo"); return JSON.toJSONString(demoService.getUsers()); } }
先运行provider:
[06/06/18 11:56:29:029 CST] main INFO config.AbstractConfig: [DUBBO] The service ready on spring started. service: com.whforever.service.DemoService, dubbo version: 2.6.1, current host: 192.168.1.120 [06/06/18 11:56:30:030 CST] main INFO config.AbstractConfig: [DUBBO] Export dubbo service com.whforever.service.DemoService to local registry, dubbo version: 2.6.1, current host: 192.168.1.120 [06/06/18 11:56:30:030 CST] main INFO config.AbstractConfig: [DUBBO] Export dubbo service com.whforever.service.DemoService to url dubbo://192.168.1.120:20880/com.whforever.service.DemoService?anyhost=true&application=demo-provider&bind.ip=192.168.1.120&bind.port=20880&dubbo=2.6.1&generic=false&interface=com.whforever.service.DemoService&methods=sayHello,getUsers&pid=13992&side=provider×tamp=1528300589682, dubbo version: 2.6.1, current host: 192.168.1.120 [06/06/18 11:56:30:030 CST] main INFO config.AbstractConfig: [DUBBO] Register dubbo service com.whforever.service.DemoService url dubbo://192.168.1.120:20880/com.whforever.service.DemoService?anyhost=true&application=demo-provider&bind.ip=192.168.1.120&bind.port=20880&dubbo=2.6.1&generic=false&interface=com.whforever.service.DemoService&methods=sayHello,getUsers&pid=13992&side=provider×tamp=1528300589682 to registry registry://127.0.0.1:2181/com.alibaba.dubbo.registry.RegistryService?application=demo-provider&dubbo=2.6.1&pid=13992®istry=zookeeper×tamp=1528300589673, dubbo version: 2.6.1, current host: 192.168.1.120 [06/06/18 11:56:30:030 CST] main INFO transport.AbstractServer: [DUBBO] Start NettyServer bind /0.0.0.0:20880, export /192.168.1.120:20880, dubbo version: 2.6.1, current host: 192.168.1.120
再运行sonsumer:
通过查看dubbo监控中心,可以看到如下所示的情况,具体dubbo监控中心如何安装部署请移步 Simple 监控中心安装
对于dubbo听其大名已久,直到最近才动手写了一些demo,总体来看上手还是比较简单,官方也提供了比较详细的文档,社区也比较活跃。关于本篇博客中的代码,楼主已经放到了github,该兴趣的小伙伴,请移步 Dubbo初体验Demo模板代码