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为你减少代码量的Java库:Lombok

lombok可以为我们减少样板代码,也可以让我们更早的体验Java的未来特性。

官网: https://projectlombok.org/

Project Lombok is a java library that automatically plugs into your editor and build tools, spicing up your java. Never write another getter or equals method again. Early access to future java features such as val, and much more.

示例1:使用@Data注解

这个注解,可以让我们不用写set、get、hashCode、toString方法。

项目结构:

├── build.gradle
├── settings.gradle
└── src
    ├── main
    │   ├── java
    │   │   └── demo
    │   │       ├── Main.java
    │   │       └── Person.java
    │   └── resources
    └── test
        ├── java
        └── resources

build.gradle:

plugins {
    id 'java'
}

group 'com.example'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'

sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    compile group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version: '1.18.0'

    testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
}

虽然是compile,但lombok只是在编译期使用。

package demo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Person implements Serializable {

    private String name;
    private int age;

}
package demo;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person p = new Person("Tom", 18);

        System.out.println(p);
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getAge());
    }

}

编译运行:

$ gradle build
$ java -classpath build/libs/demo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar demo.Main
Person(name=Tom, age=18)
Tom
18

用Intellij IDEA编辑、运行代码,需要装lombok插件,以及做一些配置。可以参考《 IDEA下lombok安装,以及找不到get,set的问题 》。

示例2:使用@Slf4j

Slf4j是一个日志框架。

项目结构:

├── build.gradle
├── settings.gradle
└── src
    ├── main
    │   ├── java
    │   │   └── demo
    │   │       └── Main.java
    │   └── resources
    └── test
        ├── java
        └── resources

build.gradle :

plugins {
    id 'java'
}

group 'com.example'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'

sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    compile group: 'org.projectlombok', name: 'lombok', version: '1.18.0'
    compile group: 'org.slf4j', name: 'slf4j-api', version: '1.7.25'
    compile group: 'org.slf4j', name: 'slf4j-simple', version: '1.7.25'

    testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
}

@Slf4j 可以自动生成 log 变量。

package demo;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        log.info("1+1 = {}", 2);
    }

}

运行 Main 类,输出:

[main] INFO demo.Main - 1+1 = 2
原文  http://www.letiantian.me/java-use-lombok/
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