Wake-on-LAN简称WOL或WoL,我们一般将其称为“网络唤醒”、“远端唤醒”技术。
它的功能是让已经进入休眠状态或关机状态的电脑,透过局域网(多半为以太网)的另一端对其发令,使其从休眠状态唤醒、恢复成运作状态,或从关机状态转成开机状态。
该功能依赖软件和硬件。硬件就在于主板和网卡的支持,软件在于操作系统的电源管理器。
wol的是通过在局域网用udp口7或者9端口广播 Magic Packet
来实现的。
Magic Packet是一个广播帧(frame),在Magic Packet内,每次都会先有连续6个”FF”的前缀,即: FF FF FF FF FF FF
,在连续6个”FF”后则开始带出MAC地址,有时还会带出4字节或6字节的密码,一旦经由网卡侦测、解读、研判(广播)Magic Packet的内容,内容中的MAC地址、密码若与电脑自身的地址、密码吻合,就会启动唤醒、开机的程序。
public class WakeOnLan { public static final int PORT = 9; public static void main(String[] args) { if (args.length != 2) { System.out.println("Usage: java WakeOnLan <broadcast-ip> <mac-address>"); System.out.println("Example: java WakeOnLan 192.168.0.255 00:0D:61:08:22:4A"); System.out.println("Example: java WakeOnLan 192.168.0.255 00-0D-61-08-22-4A"); System.exit(1); } String ipStr = args[0]; String macStr = args[1]; try { byte[] macBytes = getMacBytes(macStr); byte[] bytes = new byte[6 + 16 * macBytes.length]; for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { bytes[i] = (byte) 0xff; } for (int i = 6; i < bytes.length; i += macBytes.length) { System.arraycopy(macBytes, 0, bytes, i, macBytes.length); } InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(ipStr); DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, address, PORT); DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(); socket.send(packet); socket.close(); System.out.println("Wake-on-LAN packet sent."); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Failed to send Wake-on-LAN packet: + e"); System.exit(1); } } private static byte[] getMacBytes(String macStr) throws IllegalArgumentException { byte[] bytes = new byte[6]; String[] hex = macStr.split("(//:|//-)"); if (hex.length != 6) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid MAC address."); } try { for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { bytes[i] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hex[i], 16); } } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid hex digit in MAC address."); } return bytes; } }