GitHub: github.com/jayknoxqu/r…
Java RMI ,即 远程方法调用 ( Remote Method Invocation ),一种用于实现 远程过程调用 (RPC) (Remote procedure call) 的Java API, 能直接传输序列化后的Java对象和分布式垃圾收集。它的实现依赖于Java虚拟机(JVM),因此它仅支持从一个JVM到另一个JVM的调用。
public class RegistryService { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 本地主机上的远程对象注册表Registry的实例,默认端口1099 Registry registry = LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1099); // 创建一个远程对象 HelloRegistryFacade hello = new HelloRegistryFacadeImpl(); // 把远程对象注册到RMI注册服务器上,并命名为HelloRegistry registry.rebind("HelloRegistry", hello); System.out.println("======= 启动RMI服务成功! ======="); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 复制代码
继承Remote接口
public interface HelloRegistryFacade extends Remote { String helloWorld(String name) throws RemoteException; } 复制代码
继承UnicastRemoteObject
public class HelloRegistryFacadeImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject implements HelloRegistryFacade{ public HelloRegistryFacadeImpl() throws RemoteException { super(); } @Override public String helloWorld(String name) { return "[Registry] 你好! " + name; } } 复制代码
public class RegistryClient { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Registry registry = LocateRegistry.getRegistry(1099); HelloRegistryFacade hello = (HelloRegistryFacade) registry.lookup("HelloRegistry"); String response = hello.helloWorld("ZhenJin"); System.out.println("=======> " + response + " <======="); } catch (NotBoundException | RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 复制代码
出处: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java_rmi/java_rmi_introduction.htm
Registry(注册表)是放置所有服务器对象的命名空间。 每次服务端创建一个对象时,它都会使用bind()或rebind()方法注册该对象。 这些是使用称为绑定名称的唯一名称注册的。 要调用远程对象,客户端需要该对象的引用,如(HelloRegistryFacade)。 即通过服务端绑定的名称(HelloRegistry)从注册表中获取对象(lookup()方法)。 复制代码
public class NamingService { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 本地主机上的远程对象注册表Registry的实例 LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1100); // 创建一个远程对象 HelloNamingFacade hello = new HelloNamingFacadeImpl(); // 把远程对象注册到RMI注册服务器上,并命名为Hello //绑定的URL标准格式为:rmi://host:port/name Naming.bind("rmi://localhost:1100/HelloNaming", hello); System.out.println("======= 启动RMI服务成功! ======="); } catch (RemoteException | MalformedURLException | AlreadyBoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 复制代码
接口和接口实现和Registry的方式一样
public class NamingClient { public static void main(String[] args) { try { String remoteAddr="rmi://localhost:1100/HelloNaming"; HelloNamingFacade hello = (HelloNamingFacade) Naming.lookup(remoteAddr); String response = hello.helloWorld("ZhenJin"); System.out.println("=======> " + response + " <======="); } catch (NotBoundException | RemoteException | MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 复制代码
public static Remote lookup(String name) throws NotBoundException,java.net.MalformedURLException,RemoteException{ ParsedNamingURL parsed = parseURL(name); Registry registry = getRegistry(parsed); if (parsed.name == null) return registry; return registry.lookup(parsed.name); } 复制代码
Naming其实是对Registry的一个封装
上面说了rmi是通过JVM虚拟机进行一个远程调用的,我们通过Scala,kotlin等jvm语言印证下
object ScalaRmiService extends App { try { val user:UserScalaFacade = new UserScalaFacadeImpl LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1103) Naming.rebind("rmi://localhost:1103/UserScala", user) println("======= 启动RMI服务成功! =======") } catch { case e: IOException => println(e) } } 复制代码
trait UserScalaFacade extends Remote { /** * 通过用户名获取用户信息 */ @throws(classOf[RemoteException]) def getByName(userName: String): User /** * 通过用户性别获取用户信息 */ @throws(classOf[RemoteException]) def getBySex(userSex: String): List[User] } 复制代码
class UserScalaFacadeImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject with UserScalaFacade { /** * 模拟一个数据库表 */ private lazy val userList = List( new User("Jane", "女", 16), new User("jack", "男", 17), new User("ZhenJin", "男", 18) ) override def getByName(userName: String): User = userList.filter(u => userName.equals(u.userName)).head override def getBySex(userSex: String): List[User] = userList.filter(u => userSex.equals(u.userSex)) } 复制代码
实体类必须实现序列化(Serializable)才能进行一个远程传输
class User(name: String, sex: String, age: Int) extends Serializable { var userName: String = name var userSex: String = sex var userAge: Int = age override def toString = s"User(userName=$userName, userSex=$userSex, userAge=$userAge)" } 复制代码
object ScalaRmiClient extends App { try { val remoteAddr="rmi://localhost:1103/UserScala" val userFacade = Naming.lookup(remoteAddr).asInstanceOf[UserScalaFacade] println(userFacade.getByName("ZhenJin")) System.out.println("--------------------------------------") for (user <- userFacade.getBySex("男")) println(user) } catch { case e: NotBoundException => println(e) case e: RemoteException => println(e) case e: MalformedURLException => println(e) } } 复制代码
public class JavaRmiClient { public static void main(String[] args) { try { String remoteAddr="rmi://localhost:1103/UserScala"; UserScalaFacade userFacade = (UserScalaFacade) Naming.lookup(); User zhenJin = userFacade.getByName("ZhenJin"); System.out.println(zhenJin); System.out.println("--------------------------------------"); List<User> userList = userFacade.getBySex("男"); System.out.println(userList); } catch (NotBoundException | RemoteException | MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } 复制代码
上面试验可以证明Scala和Java是可以互通的,Scala本身也是可以直接引用Java类的
序列化 (Serialization)是将 数据结构 或对象状态转换为可以存储(例如,在 文件 或存储器缓冲区中)或传输(例如,通过 网络 连接)的格式的过程, 反序列化 (Deserialization)则是从一系列字节中提取数据结构的相反操作.
fun main(args: Array<String>) { try { val hello: HelloKotlinFacade = HelloKotlinFacadeImpl() LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1102) Naming.rebind("rmi://localhost:1101/HelloKotlin", hello) println("======= 启动RMI服务成功! =======") } catch (e: IOException) { e.printStackTrace() } } 复制代码
fun main(args: Array<String>) { try { val hello = Naming.lookup("rmi://localhost:1102/HelloKotlin") as HelloKotlinFacade val response = hello.helloWorld("ZhenJin") println("=======> $response <=======") } catch (e: NotBoundException) { e.printStackTrace() } catch (e: RemoteException) { e.printStackTrace() } catch (e: MalformedURLException) { e.printStackTrace() } } 复制代码
实现和接口省略...
StringBoot通过配置就可以简单实现rmi了
@Configuration public class RmiServiceConfig { @Bean public RmiServiceExporter registerService(UserFacade userFacade) { RmiServiceExporter rmiServiceExporter = new RmiServiceExporter(); rmiServiceExporter.setServiceName("UserInfo"); rmiServiceExporter.setService(userFacade); rmiServiceExporter.setServiceInterface(UserFacade.class); rmiServiceExporter.setRegistryPort(1101); return rmiServiceExporter; } } 复制代码
@Configuration public class RmiClientConfig { @Bean public UserFacade userInfo() { RmiProxyFactoryBean rmiProxyFactoryBean = new RmiProxyFactoryBean(); rmiProxyFactoryBean.setServiceUrl("rmi://localhost:1101/UserInfo"); rmiProxyFactoryBean.setServiceInterface(UserFacade.class); rmiProxyFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(); return (UserFacade) rmiProxyFactoryBean.getObject(); } } 复制代码
@Autowired private UserFacade userFacade; @Test public void userBySexTest() { try { List<User> userList = userFacade.getBySex("男"); userList.forEach(System.out::println); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } 复制代码
通过测试类可以看出,这和我们平时的程序调用内部方法没什么区别!
大家可以通过下面文章加深了解:
stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/…
有两个远程服务接口可供client调用,Factory和Product接口
FactoryImpl类实现了Factory接口,ProductImpl类实现了Product接口
1. FactoryImpl被注册到了rmi-registry中 2. client端请求一个Factory的引用 3. rmi-registry返回client端一个FactoryImpl的引用 4. client端调用FactoryImpl的远程方法请求一个ProductImpl的远程引用 5. FactoryImpl返回给client端一个ProductImpl引用 6. client通过ProductImpl引用调用远程方法 复制代码
socket工厂文档: docs.oracle.com/javase/8/do…
出处: http://www.importnew.com/20344.html
解压 ZooKeeper
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.12.tar.gz 复制代码
在 conf 目录新建 zoo.cfg
cd zookeeper-3.4.12/conf vim zoo.cfg 复制代码
zoo.cfg 代码如下(自己指定 log 文件目录):
tickTime=2000 dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.12/data dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.12/log clientPort=2181 复制代码
在 bin 目录下,启动 Zookeeper:
cd zookeeper-3.4.12/bin ./zkServer.sh start 复制代码
public class RmiConsumer { // 用于等待 SyncConnected 事件触发后继续执行当前线程 private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); // 定义一个 volatile 成员变量,用于保存最新的 RMI 地址(考虑到该变量或许会被其它线程所修改,一旦修改后,该变量的值会影响到所有线程) private volatile List<String> urlList = new ArrayList<>(); // 构造器 public RmiConsumer() { ZooKeeper zk = connectServer(); // 连接 ZooKeeper 服务器并获取 ZooKeeper 对象 if (zk != null) { watchNode(zk); // 观察 /registry 节点的所有子节点并更新 urlList 成员变量 } } // 查找 RMI 服务 public <T extends Remote> T lookup() { T service = null; int size = urlList.size(); if (size > 0) { String url; if (size == 1) { url = urlList.get(0); // 若 urlList 中只有一个元素,则直接获取该元素 log.debug("using only url: {}", url); } else { url = urlList.get(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(size)); // 若 urlList 中存在多个元素,则随机获取一个元素 log.debug("using random url: {}", url); } service = lookupService(url); // 从 JNDI 中查找 RMI 服务 } return service; } // 连接 ZooKeeper 服务器 private ZooKeeper connectServer() { ZooKeeper zk = null; try { zk = new ZooKeeper(Constant.ZK_CONNECTION_STRING, Constant.ZK_SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) { if (event.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { latch.countDown(); // 唤醒当前正在执行的线程 } } }); latch.await(); // 使当前线程处于等待状态 } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) { log.error("", e); } return zk; } // 观察 /registry 节点下所有子节点是否有变化 private void watchNode(final ZooKeeper zk) { try { List<String> nodeList = zk.getChildren(Constant.ZK_REGISTRY_PATH, event -> { if (event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeChildrenChanged) { watchNode(zk); // 若子节点有变化,则重新调用该方法(为了获取最新子节点中的数据) } }); List<String> dataList = new ArrayList<>(); // 用于存放 /registry 所有子节点中的数据 for (String node : nodeList) { byte[] data = zk.getData(Constant.ZK_REGISTRY_PATH + "/" + node, false, null); // 获取 /registry 的子节点中的数据 dataList.add(new String(data)); } log.debug("node data: {}", dataList); urlList = dataList; // 更新最新的 RMI 地址 } catch (KeeperException | InterruptedException e) { log.error("", e); } } // 在 JNDI 中查找 RMI 远程服务对象 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private <T> T lookupService(String url) { T remote = null; try { remote = (T) Naming.lookup(url); } catch (NotBoundException | MalformedURLException | RemoteException e) { log.error("远程查找出错!", e); } return remote; } } 复制代码
public class RmiProvider { /** * 用于等待 SyncConnected 事件触发后继续执行当前线程 */ private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); // 发布 RMI 服务并注册 RMI 地址到 ZooKeeper 中 public void publish(Remote remote, String host, int port) { String url = publishService(remote, host, port); // 发布 RMI 服务并返回 RMI 地址 if (url != null) { ZooKeeper zk = connectServer(); // 连接 ZooKeeper 服务器并获取 ZooKeeper 对象 if (zk != null) { createNode(zk, url); // 创建 ZNode 并将 RMI 地址放入 ZNode 上 } } } /** *发布 RMI 服务 */ private String publishService(Remote remote, String host, int port) { String url = null; try { url = String.format("rmi://%s:%d/%s", host, port, remote.getClass().getName()); LocateRegistry.createRegistry(port); Naming.rebind(url, remote); log.debug("publish rmi service (url: {})", url); } catch (RemoteException | MalformedURLException e) { log.error("", e); } return url; } // 连接 ZooKeeper 服务器 private ZooKeeper connectServer() { ZooKeeper zk = null; try { zk = new ZooKeeper(Constant.ZK_CONNECTION_STRING, Constant.ZK_SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() { @Override public void process(WatchedEvent event) { if (event.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) { latch.countDown(); // 唤醒当前正在执行的线程 } } }); latch.await(); // 使当前线程处于等待状态 } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) { log.error("", e); } return zk; } /** * 创建节点 */ private void createNode(ZooKeeper zk, String url) { try { byte[] data = url.getBytes(); String path = zk.create(Constant.ZK_PROVIDER_PATH, data, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL); // 创建一个临时性且有序的 ZNode log.debug("create zookeeper node ({} => {})", path, url); } catch (KeeperException | InterruptedException e) { log.error("", e); } } } 复制代码