SpringBoot是由Pivotal团队提供的全新框架,其设计目的是用来简化新Spring应用的初始搭建以及开发过程。该框架使用了特定的方式来进行配置,从而使开发人员不再需要定义样板化的配置。通过这种方式,Spring Boot致力于在蓬勃发展的快速应用开发领域(rapid application development)成为领导者。
创建独立的Spring应用程序
嵌入的Tomcat,无需部署WAR文件
简化Maven配置
自动配置Spring
提供生产就绪型功能,如指标,健康检查和外部配置
概述
Nginx(engine x)是一个开源的,支持高并发的www服务和代理服务软件。Nginx是俄罗斯人Igor Sysoev开发的,最初被应用到俄罗斯的大型网站(www.rambler.ru)上。后来作者将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式开源出来供全球使用。在功能应用方面,Nginx不仅是一个优秀的Web服务软件,还具有反向代理负载均衡和缓存的功能。在反向代理负载均衡方面类似于LVS负载均衡及HAProxy等你专业代理软件。Nginx部署起来更加方便简单,在缓存服务功能方面,有类似于Squid等专业的缓存服务软件。Nginx可以运行在UNIX、Linux、MS Windows Server、Mac OS X Server、Solaris等操作系统中。
Nginx的重要特性
Nginx所具备的WWW服务特性
Nginx软件主要企业应用
Web服务应用产品性能对比
为什么Nginx比Apache的性能高?
如何正确采用Web服务器?
关于部署,就不在重复了,如果需要请移步《Java高级架构之FastDFS分布式文件集群》: https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2377669
<dependencies> <!-- SpringBoot的自动配置相关依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> <version>1.5.20.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <version>1.5.20.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 日志相关的依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId> <version>1.5.20.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 对象池相关的依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId> <version>2.6.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
annotation
:存放相关的注解
autoconfiguation
: 存储自动配置类
factory
: 存放工厂类
properties
: 存放配置参数类
service
: 存放服务类
一般情况下,SpringBoot都会提供相应的 @EnableXxx
注解标注在应用的主启动类上开启某个功能:
// EnableFastdfsClient.java @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Import(FastdfsAutoConfiguration.class) @Documented public @interface EnableFastdfsClient { }
下面是相关的自动配置类:
// FastdfsAutoConfiguration.java @Configuration @EnableConfigurationProperties(FastdfsProperties.class) public class FastdfsAutoConfiguration { @Autowired private FastdfsProperties fastdfsProperties; @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(FastdfsClientService.class) public FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService() throws Exception { return new FastdfsClientService(fastdfsProperties); } }
创建相关的工厂类:
// StorageClientFactory.java // 用于创建连接对象的工厂类 public class StorageClientFactory implements PooledObjectFactory<StorageClient> { @Override public PooledObject<StorageClient> makeObject() throws Exception { TrackerClient client = new TrackerClient(); TrackerServer server = client.getConnection(); return new DefaultPooledObject<>(new StorageClient(server, null)); } @Override public void destroyObject(PooledObject<StorageClient> p) throws Exception { p.getObject().getTrackerServer().close(); } @Override public boolean validateObject(PooledObject<StorageClient> p) { return false; } @Override public void activateObject(PooledObject<StorageClient> p) throws Exception { } @Override public void passivateObject(PooledObject<StorageClient> p) throws Exception { } }
Properties类用来映射application.properties或者application.yml配置文件:
// FastdfsProperties.java @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "fastdfs") public class FastdfsProperties { // 连接超时时间 // 网络超时时间 // 字符集编码 // 是否使用Token // Token加密密钥 // 跟踪器IP地址,多个使用分号隔开 // 连接池的连接对象最大个数 // 连接池的最大空闲对象个数 // 连接池的最小空闲对象个数 // Nginx服务器IP,多个使用分号分割 // 获取连接对象时可忍受的等待时长(毫秒) private String connectTimeout = "5"; private String networkTimeout = "30"; private String charset = "UTF-8"; private String httpAntiStealToken = "false"; private String httpSecretKey = ""; private String httpTrackerHttpPort = ""; private String trackerServers = ""; private String connectionPoolMaxTotal = "18"; private String connectionPoolMaxIdle = "18"; private String connectionPoolMinIdle = "2"; private String nginxServers = ""; // 需要创建相关的Setter和Getter方法 }
在Service类中封装方法, 下面仅展示3个常用的方法:
// FastdfsClientSerivce.java public class FastdfsClientService { // SpringBoot加载的配置文件 // 连接池配置项 // 转换后的配置条目 // 连接池 // Nginx服务器地址 private FastdfsProperties fdfsProp; private GenericObjectPoolConfig config; private Properties prop; private GenericObjectPool<StorageClient> pool; private String[] nginxServers; private Logger logger; public FastdfsClientService(FastdfsProperties fdfsProp) throws Exception { this.fdfsProp = fdfsProp; this.logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass()); init(); create(); info(); } /** * 初始化全局客户端 */ private void init() throws Exception { this.prop = new Properties(); this.logger.info("FastDFS: reading config file..."); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.connect_timeout_in_seconds=" + this.fdfsProp.getConnectTimeout()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.network_timeout_in_seconds=" + this.fdfsProp.getNetworkTimeout()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.charset=" + this.fdfsProp.getCharset()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.http_anti_steal_token=" + this.fdfsProp.getHttpAntiStealToken()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.http_secret_key=" + this.fdfsProp.getHttpSecretKey()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.http_tracker_http_port=" + this.fdfsProp.getHttpTrackerHttpPort()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.tracker_servers=" + this.fdfsProp.getTrackerServers()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.connection_pool_max_total=" + this.fdfsProp.getConnectionPoolMaxTotal()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.connection_pool_max_idle=" + this.fdfsProp.getConnectionPoolMaxIdle()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.connection_pool_min_idle=" + this.fdfsProp.getConnectionPoolMinIdle()); this.logger.info("FastDFS: fastdfs.nginx_servers=" + this.fdfsProp.getNginxServers()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.connect_timeout_in_seconds", this.fdfsProp.getConnectTimeout()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.network_timeout_in_seconds", this.fdfsProp.getNetworkTimeout()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.charset", this.fdfsProp.getCharset()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.http_anti_steal_token", this.fdfsProp.getHttpAntiStealToken()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.http_secret_key", this.fdfsProp.getHttpSecretKey()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.http_tracker_http_port", this.fdfsProp.getHttpTrackerHttpPort()); this.prop.put("fastdfs.tracker_servers", this.fdfsProp.getTrackerServers()); ClientGlobal.initByProperties(this.prop); } /** * 显示初始化信息 */ private void info() { this.logger.info("FastDFS parameter: ConnectionPoolMaxTotal ==> " + this.pool.getMaxTotal()); this.logger.info("FastDFS parameter: ConnectionPoolMaxIdle ==> " + this.pool.getMaxIdle()); this.logger.info("FastDFS parameter: ConnectionPoolMinIdle ==> " + this.pool.getMinIdle()); this.logger.info("FastDFS parameter: NginxServer ==> " + Arrays.toString(this.nginxServers)); this.logger.info(ClientGlobal.configInfo()); } /** * 创建连接池 */ private void create() { this.config = new GenericObjectPoolConfig(); this.logger.info("FastDFS Client: Creating connection pool..."); this.config.setMaxTotal(Integer.parseInt(this.fdfsProp.getConnectionPoolMaxTotal())); this.config.setMaxIdle(Integer.parseInt(this.fdfsProp.getConnectionPoolMaxIdle())); this.config.setMinIdle(Integer.parseInt(this.fdfsProp.getConnectionPoolMinIdle())); StorageClientFactory factory = new StorageClientFactory(); this.pool = new GenericObjectPool<StorageClient>(factory, this.config); this.nginxServers = this.fdfsProp.getNginxServers().split(","); } /** * Nginx服务器负载均衡算法 * * @param servers 服务器地址 * @param address 客户端IP地址 * @return 可用的服务器地址 */ private String getNginxServer(String[] servers, String address) { int size = servers.length; int i = address.hashCode(); int index = abs(i % size); return servers[index]; } /** * 带有防盗链的下载 * * @param fileGroup 文件组名 * @param remoteFileName 远程文件名称 * @param clientIpAddress 客户端IP地址 * @return 完整的URL地址 */ public String autoDownloadWithToken(String fileGroup, String remoteFileName, String clientIpAddress) throws Exception { int ts = (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000); String token = ProtoCommon.getToken(remoteFileName, ts, ClientGlobal.getG_secret_key()); String nginx = this.getNginxServer(this.nginxServers, clientIpAddress); return "http://" + nginx + "/" + fileGroup + "/" + remoteFileName + "?token=" + token + "&ts=" + ts; } /** * 上传文件,适合上传图片 * * @param buffer 字节数组 * @param ext 扩展名 * @return 文件组名和ID */ public String[] autoUpload(byte[] buffer, String ext) throws Exception { String[] upload = this.upload(buffer, ext, null); return upload; } /** * 不带防盗链的下载,如果开启防盗链会导致该方法抛出异常 * * @param fileGroup 文件组名 * @param remoteFileName 远程文件ID * @param clientIpAddress 客户端IP地址,根据客户端IP来分配Nginx服务器 * @return 完整的URL地址 */ public String autoDownloadWithoutToken(String fileGroup, String remoteFileName, String clientIpAddress) throws Exception { if (ClientGlobal.getG_anti_steal_token()) { this.logger.error("FastDFS Client: You've turned on Token authentication."); throw new Exception("You've turned on Token authentication."); } String nginx = this.getNginxServer(this.nginxServers, clientIpAddress); return "http://" + nginx + fileGroup + "/" + remoteFileName; } // 后面还有好多方法,就不一一展示了 }
为了在IDEA中使用便捷的配置提示功能,我们需要创建元数据文件(resources/spring-configuration-metadata.json):
{ "groups": [ { "name": "fastdfs", "type": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties" } ], "properties": [ { "name": "connectTimeout", "type": "java.lang.String", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "defaultValue": "5" }, { "name": "networkTimeout", "type": "java.lang.String", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "defaultValue": "30" }, { "name": "charset", "type": "java.lang.String", "defaultValue": "UTF-8" }, { "name": "httpAntiStealToken", "type": "java.lang.String", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "defaultValue": "false" }, { "name": "httpSecretKey", "type": "java.lang.String", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties" }, { "name": "httpTrackerHttpPort", "type": "java.lang.Integer", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties" }, { "name": "trackerServers", "type": "java.lang.String", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties" }, { "name": "connectionPoolMaxTotal", "type": "java.lang.Integer", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "defaultValue": "18" }, { "name": "connectionPoolMaxIdle", "type": "java.lang.Integer", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "defaultValue": "18" }, { "name": "connectionPoolMinIdle", "type": "java.lang.Integer", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties", "defaultValue": "2" }, { "name": "nginxServers", "type": "java.lang.String", "sourceType": "com.bluemiaomiao.properties.FastdfsProperties" } ], "hints": [ { "name": "http_anti_steal_token", "values": [ { "value": "false" }, { "value": "true" } ] } ] }
创建SpringBoot项目,勾选Web选项,版本选择1.5.20
进入场景启动器的项目目录执行 mvn clean install
将其安装到本地
<dependency> <groupId>com.bluemiaomiao</groupId> <artifactId>fastdfs-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency>
记得开启IDEA的自动导入功能
fastdfs.nginx-servers=192.168.80.2:8000,192.168.80.3:8000,192.168.80.4:8000 fastdfs.tracker-servers=192.168.80.2:22122,192.168.80.3:22122,192.168.80.4:22122 fastdfs.http-secret-key=2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrntxzLIDbPdvDDLJM8QHhKxSGWTcr+9VdG3yptkw fastdfs.http-anti-steal-token=true fastdfs.http-tracker-http-port=8080 fastdfs.network-timeout=30 fastdfs.connect-timeout=5 fastdfs.connection-pool-max-idle=18 fastdfs.connection-pool-min-idle=2 fastdfs.connection-pool-max-total=18 fastdfs.charset=UTF-8
或者使用application.yml
fastdfs: charset: UTF-8 connect-timeout: 5 http-secret-key: 2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrntxzLIDbPdvDDLJM8QHhKxSGWTcr+9VdG3yptkw network-timeout: 30 http-anti-steal-token: true http-tracker-http-port: 8080 connection-pool-max-idle: 20 connection-pool-max-total: 20 connection-pool-min-idle: 2 nginx-servers: 192.168.80.2:8000,192.168.80.3:8000,192.168.80.4:8000 tracker-servers: 192.168.80.2:22122,192.168.80.3:22122,192.168.80.4:22122
// controllers.DownloadController.java @Controller @RequestMapping(value = "/download") public class DownloadController { @Autowired private FastdfsClientService service; @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/image") public String image() throws Exception { // 之前上传过的数据,实际应用场景应该使用SQL数据库来存储 return service.autoDownloadWithToken("group1", "M00/00/00/wKhQA1ysjSGAPjXbAAVFOL7FJU4.tar.gz", "192.168.80.1"); } }