最近在读刘增辉老师所著的《MyBatis从入门到精通》一书,很有收获,于是将自己学习的过程以博客形式输出,如有错误,欢迎指正,如帮助到你,不胜荣幸!
本篇博客主要讲解如何使用foreach标签生成动态的Sql,主要包含以下3个场景:
假设有这样1个需求:根据传入的用户id集合查询出所有符合条件的用户,此时我们需要使用到Sql中的IN,如 id in (1,1001)。
首先,我们在接口SysUserMapper中添加如下方法:
/** * 根据用户id集合查询用户 * * @param idList * @return */ List<SysUser> selectByIdList(List<Long> idList);
然后在对应的SysUserMapper.xml中添加如下代码:
<select id="selectByIdList" resultType="com.zwwhnly.mybatisaction.model.SysUser"> SELECT id, user_name, user_password, user_email, create_time FROM sys_user WHERE id IN <foreach collection="list" open="(" close=")" separator="," item="id" index="i"> #{id} </foreach> </select>
最后,在SysUserMapperTest测试类中添加如下测试方法:
@Test public void testSelectByIdList() { SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession(); try { SysUserMapper sysUserMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(SysUserMapper.class); List<Long> idList = new ArrayList<Long>(); idList.add(1L); idList.add(1001L); List<SysUser> userList = sysUserMapper.selectByIdList(idList); Assert.assertEquals(2, userList.size()); } finally { sqlSession.close(); } }
运行测试代码,测试通过,输出日志如下:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: SELECT id, user_name, user_password, user_email, create_time FROM sys_user WHERE id IN ( ? , ? ) DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 1(Long), 1001(Long) TRACE [main] - <== Columns: id, user_name, user_password, user_email, create_time TRACE [main] - <== Row: 1, admin, 123456, admin@mybatis.tk, 2019-06-27 18:21:07.0 TRACE [main] - <== Row: 1001, test, 123456, test@mybatis.tk, 2019-06-27 18:21:07.0 DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 2
通过日志会发现,foreach元素中的内容最终生成的Sql语句为(1,1001)。
foreach包含属性讲解:
也许有人会好奇,为什么collection的值是list?该值该如何设置呢?
上面的例子中只有一个集合参数,我们把collection属性的值设置为了list,其实也可以写成collection,为什么呢?让我们看下DefaultSqlSession中的默认处理逻辑:
private Object wrapCollection(Object object) { DefaultSqlSession.StrictMap map; if (object instanceof Collection) { map = new DefaultSqlSession.StrictMap(); map.put("collection", object); if (object instanceof List) { map.put("list", object); } return map; } else if (object != null && object.getClass().isArray()) { map = new DefaultSqlSession.StrictMap(); map.put("array", object); return map; } else { return object; } }
虽然使用默认值,代码也可以正常运行,但还是推荐使用@Param来指定参数的名字,如下所示:
List<SysUser> selectByIdList(@Param("idList") List<Long> idList);
<foreach collection="idList" open="(" close=")" separator="," item="id" index="i"> #{id} </foreach>
如果参数是一个数组参数,collection可以设置为默认值array,看了上面的源码,应该不难理解。
/** * 根据用户id数组查询用户 * * @param idArray * @return */ List<SysUser> selectByIdArray(Long[] idArray);
<select id="selectByIdArray" resultType="com.zwwhnly.mybatisaction.model.SysUser"> SELECT id, user_name, user_password, user_email, create_time FROM sys_user WHERE id IN <foreach collection="array" open="(" close=")" separator="," item="id" index="i"> #{id} </foreach> </select>
虽然使用默认值,代码也可以正常运行,但还是推荐使用@Param来指定参数的名字,如下所示:
List<SysUser> selectByIdArray(@Param("idArray")Long[] idArray);
<foreach collection="idArray" open="(" close=")" separator="," item="id" index="i"> #{id} </foreach>
假设有这样1个需求:将传入的用户集合批量写入数据库。
首先,我们在接口SysUserMapper中添加如下方法:
/** * 批量插入用户信息 * * @param userList * @return */ int insertList(List<SysUser> userList);
然后在对应的SysUserMapper.xml中添加如下代码:
<insert id="insertList" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> INSERT INTO sys_user(user_name, user_password, user_email, user_info, head_img, create_time) VALUES <foreach collection="list" item="user" separator=","> (#{user.userName},#{user.userPassword},#{user.userEmail},#{user.userInfo},#{user.headImg,jdbcType=BLOB},#{user.createTime,jdbcType=TIMESTAMP}) </foreach> </insert>
最后,在SysUserMapperTest测试类中添加如下测试方法:
@Test public void testInsertList() { SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession(); try { SysUserMapper sysUserMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(SysUserMapper.class); List<SysUser> sysUserList = new ArrayList<SysUser>(); for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { SysUser sysUser = new SysUser(); sysUser.setUserName("test" + i); sysUser.setUserPassword("123456"); sysUser.setUserEmail("test@mybatis.tk"); sysUserList.add(sysUser); } int result = sysUserMapper.insertList(sysUserList); for (SysUser sysUser : sysUserList) { System.out.println(sysUser.getId()); } Assert.assertEquals(2, result); } finally { sqlSession.close(); } }
运行测试代码,测试通过,输出日志如下:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: INSERT INTO sys_user(user_name, user_password, user_email, user_info, head_img, create_time) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?) , (?,?,?,?,?,?) DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: test0(String), 123456(String), test@mybatis.tk(String), null, null, null, test1(String), 123456(String), test@mybatis.tk(String), null, null, null DEBUG [main] - <== Updates: 2 1035 1036
假设有这样1个需求:根据传入的Map参数更新用户信息。
首先,我们在接口SysUserMapper中添加如下方法:
/** * 通过Map更新列 * * @param map * @return */ int updateByMap(Map<String, Object> map);
然后在对应的SysUserMapper.xml中添加如下代码:
<update id="updateByMap"> UPDATE sys_user SET <foreach collection="_parameter" item="val" index="key" separator=","> ${key} = #{val} </foreach> WHERE id = #{id} </update>
最后,在SysUserMapperTest测试类中添加如下测试方法:
@Test public void testUpdateByMap() { SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession(); try { SysUserMapper sysUserMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(SysUserMapper.class); Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>(); map.put("id", 1L); map.put("user_email", "test@mybatis.tk"); map.put("user_password", "12345678"); Assert.assertEquals(1, sysUserMapper.updateByMap(map)); SysUser sysUser = sysUserMapper.selectById(1L); Assert.assertEquals("test@mybatis.tk", sysUser.getUserEmail()); Assert.assertEquals("12345678", sysUser.getUserPassword()); } finally { sqlSession.close(); } }
运行测试代码,测试通过,输出日志如下:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: UPDATE sys_user SET user_email = ? , user_password = ? , id = ? WHERE id = ? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: test@mybatis.tk(String), 12345678(String), 1(Long), 1(Long) DEBUG [main] - <== Updates: 1 DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: SELECT id, user_name, user_password, user_email, create_time FROM sys_user WHERE id = ? DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters: 1(Long) TRACE [main] - <== Columns: id, user_name, user_password, user_email, create_time TRACE [main] - <== Row: 1, admin, 12345678, test@mybatis.tk, 2019-06-27 18:21:07.0 DEBUG [main] - <== Total: 1
上面示例中,collection使用的是默认值_parameter,也可以使用@Param指定参数名字,如下所示:
int updateByMap(@Param("userMap") Map<String, Object> map);
<update id="updateByMap"> UPDATE sys_user SET <foreach collection="userMap" item="val" index="key" separator=","> ${key} = #{val} </foreach> WHERE id = #{userMap.id} </update>
源码地址: https://github.com/zwwhnly/mybatis-action.git ,欢迎下载。
刘增辉《MyBatis从入门到精通》