在 springboot
的自动装配事务里面, InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
, TransactionInterceptor
, PlatformTransactionManager
这三个bean都被装配进来了, InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
已经讲过了,就是一个后置处理器,并且优先级不是很高,而是最低,今天的重点是讲解后面两者之间在事务的扮演角色。 TransactionInterceptor
作为事务的增强子,扮演着增强处理 Spring
事务的核心角色。
TransactionInterceptor
支撑着整个事务功能的架构,逻辑还是相对复杂的,那么现在我们切入正题来分析此拦截器是如何实现事务特性的。
TransactionDefinition:用于描述隔离级别、超时时间、是否为只读事务和事务传播规则
public interface TransactionDefinition { int PROPAGATION_REQUIRED = 0; int PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS = 1; int PROPAGATION_MANDATORY = 2; int PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW = 3; int PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 4; int PROPAGATION_NEVER = 5; int PROPAGATION_NESTED = 6; int ISOLATION_DEFAULT = -1; int ISOLATION_READ_UNCOMMITTED = 1; int ISOLATION_READ_COMMITTED = 2; int ISOLATION_REPEATABLE_READ = 4; int ISOLATION_SERIALIZABLE = 8; int TIMEOUT_DEFAULT = -1; }
TransactionStatus:代表一个事务的具体运行状态、以及保存点
public interface TransactionStatus extends SavepointManager, Flushable { // 判断当前的事务是否是新事务 boolean isNewTransaction(); // 判断该事务里面是否含有保存点 boolean hasSavepoint(); // 这是事务的唯一结果是否进行回滚。因此如果你在外层给try catche住不让事务回滚,就会抛出你可能常见的异常 void setRollbackOnly(); boolean isRollbackOnly(); void flush(); // 不管是commit或者rollback了都算结束了~~~ boolean isCompleted(); }
一般都是使用它的实现类 DefaultTransactionStatus
,它是Spring默认使用的事务状态。
PlatformTransactionManager:一个高层次的接口,看名字就知道是管理事务的
public interface PlatformTransactionManager { TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition var1) throws TransactionException; void commit(TransactionStatus var1) throws TransactionException; void rollback(TransactionStatus var1) throws TransactionException; }
public class TransactionInterceptor extends TransactionAspectSupport implements MethodInterceptor, Serializable { public TransactionInterceptor() { } public TransactionInterceptor(PlatformTransactionManager ptm, Properties attributes) { this.setTransactionManager(ptm); this.setTransactionAttributes(attributes); } public TransactionInterceptor(PlatformTransactionManager ptm, TransactionAttributeSource tas) { this.setTransactionManager(ptm); this.setTransactionAttributeSource(tas); } //最重要的方法,拦截入口 @Nullable public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable { Class<?> targetClass = invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null; Method var10001 = invocation.getMethod(); invocation.getClass(); return this.invokeWithinTransaction(var10001, targetClass, invocation::proceed); } //省略无关代码...... }
我们已经知道了,它是个 MethodInterceptor
,被事务拦截的方法最终都会执行到此增强器身上。
MethodInterceptor
是个环绕通知,敲好符合我们的开启、提交、回滚事务等操作,源码分析可以看出,真正做事情的其实还是在父类,它有一个执行事务的模版。
public abstract class TransactionAspectSupport implements BeanFactoryAware, InitializingBean { private static final Object DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY = new Object(); // currentTransactionStatus() 方法需要使用到它 private static final ThreadLocal<TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo> transactionInfoHolder = new NamedThreadLocal("Current aspect-driven transaction"); protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass()); //事务管理器的名称 @Nullable private String transactionManagerBeanName; //事务管理器 @Nullable private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager; //事务属性源 @Nullable private TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource; @Nullable private BeanFactory beanFactory; // 因为事务管理器可能也会有多个 所以此处做了一个简单的缓存~ private final ConcurrentMap<Object, PlatformTransactionManager> transactionManagerCache = new ConcurrentReferenceHashMap(4); public TransactionAspectSupport() { } @Nullable protected static TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo currentTransactionInfo() throws NoTransactionException { return (TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo)transactionInfoHolder.get(); } //外部调用此Static方法,可议获取到当前事务的状态 从而甚至可议手动来提交、回滚事务 public static TransactionStatus currentTransactionStatus() throws NoTransactionException { TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo info = currentTransactionInfo(); if (info != null && info.transactionStatus != null) { return info.transactionStatus; } else { throw new NoTransactionException("No transaction aspect-managed TransactionStatus in scope"); } } //省略无关代码...... // 这里可以发现,若传入的为Properties 内部是实际使用的是NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource 去匹配的,transactionAttributeSource会被覆盖的哟 public void setTransactionAttributes(Properties transactionAttributes) { NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource tas = new NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource(); tas.setProperties(transactionAttributes); this.transactionAttributeSource = tas; } // 根据方法和目标类来选择 public void setTransactionAttributeSources(TransactionAttributeSource... transactionAttributeSources) { this.transactionAttributeSource = new CompositeTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSources); } //省略无关代码...... // 接下来就只剩我们最为核心的处理事务的模版方法了 @Nullable protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation) throws Throwable { // If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional. // 获取事务属性源~ TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource(); // 获取该方法对应的事务属性(这个特别重要) // 不同的事务处理方式使用不同的逻辑。对于声明式事务的处理与编程式事务的处理,重要区别在于事务属性上,因为编程式的事务处理是不需要有事务属性的 final TransactionAttribute txAttr = (tas != null ? tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) : null); // 找到一个合适的事务管理器 final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr); // 拿到目标方法唯一标识 final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr); if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) { // Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls. // 看是否有必要创建一个事务,根据`事务传播行为`,做出相应的判断 TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification); Object retVal; try { // This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain. // This will normally result in a target object being invoked. //回调方法执行,执行目标方法(原有的业务逻辑) retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation(); } catch (Throwable ex) { // target invocation exception // 出现异常了,进行回滚(注意:并不是所有异常都会rollback的) // 备注:此处若没有事务属性 会commit 兼容编程式事务吧 completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex); throw ex; } finally { //清除信息 cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo); } // 目标方法完全执行完成后,提交事务~~~ commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo); return retVal; } else { //编程式事务处理(CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) 会走这里 // 原理也差不太多,这里不做详解~~~~ final ThrowableHolder throwableHolder = new ThrowableHolder(); // It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in. try { Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr, status -> { TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status); try { return invocation.proceedWithInvocation(); } catch (Throwable ex) { if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) { // A RuntimeException: will lead to a rollback. if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) { throw (RuntimeException) ex; } else { throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex); } } else { // A normal return value: will lead to a commit. throwableHolder.throwable = ex; return null; } } finally { cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo); } }); // Check result state: It might indicate a Throwable to rethrow. if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) { throw throwableHolder.throwable; } return result; } catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) { throw ex.getCause(); } catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) { if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) { logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable); ex2.initApplicationException(throwableHolder.throwable); } throw ex2; } catch (Throwable ex2) { if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) { logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable); } throw ex2; } } } // 从容器中找到一个事务管理器 @Nullable protected PlatformTransactionManager determineTransactionManager(@Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr) { if (txAttr != null && this.beanFactory != null) { // qualifier 就在此处发挥作用了,他就相当于BeanName String qualifier = txAttr.getQualifier(); if (StringUtils.hasText(qualifier)) { // 根据此名称 以及PlatformTransactionManager.class 去容器内找 return this.determineQualifiedTransactionManager(this.beanFactory, qualifier); // 若没有指定qualifier 那再看看是否指定了 transactionManagerBeanName } else if (StringUtils.hasText(this.transactionManagerBeanName)) { return this.determineQualifiedTransactionManager(this.beanFactory, this.transactionManagerBeanName); } else { // 若都没指定,那就不管了。直接根据类型去容器里找 getBean(Class) // 此处:若容器内有两个PlatformTransactionManager ,那就铁定会报错啦~~~ PlatformTransactionManager defaultTransactionManager = this.getTransactionManager(); if (defaultTransactionManager == null) { defaultTransactionManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)this.transactionManagerCache.get(DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY); if (defaultTransactionManager == null) { defaultTransactionManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)this.beanFactory.getBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class); this.transactionManagerCache.putIfAbsent(DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MANAGER_KEY, defaultTransactionManager); } } return defaultTransactionManager; } } else { // 如果这两个都没配置,所以肯定是手动设置了PlatformTransactionManager的,那就直接返回即可 return this.getTransactionManager(); } } private PlatformTransactionManager determineQualifiedTransactionManager(BeanFactory beanFactory, String qualifier) { PlatformTransactionManager txManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)this.transactionManagerCache.get(qualifier); if (txManager == null) { txManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)BeanFactoryAnnotationUtils.qualifiedBeanOfType(beanFactory, PlatformTransactionManager.class, qualifier); this.transactionManagerCache.putIfAbsent(qualifier, txManager); } return txManager; } private String methodIdentification(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass, @Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr) { String methodIdentification = this.methodIdentification(method, targetClass); if (methodIdentification == null) { if (txAttr instanceof DefaultTransactionAttribute) { methodIdentification = ((DefaultTransactionAttribute)txAttr).getDescriptor(); } if (methodIdentification == null) { methodIdentification = ClassUtils.getQualifiedMethodName(method, targetClass); } } return methodIdentification; } @Nullable protected String methodIdentification(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass) { return null; } // 若有需要 创建一个TransactionInfo (具体的事务从事务管理器里面getTransaction()) protected TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo createTransactionIfNecessary(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager tm, @Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr, final String joinpointIdentification) { //赋值 if (txAttr != null && ((TransactionAttribute)txAttr).getName() == null) { txAttr = new DelegatingTransactionAttribute((TransactionAttribute)txAttr) { public String getName() { return joinpointIdentification; } }; } // 从事务管理器里,通过txAttr拿出来一个TransactionStatus TransactionStatus status = null; if (txAttr != null) { if (tm != null) { status = tm.getTransaction((TransactionDefinition)txAttr); } else if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) { this.logger.debug("Skipping transactional joinpoint [" + joinpointIdentification + "] because no transaction manager has been configured"); } } // 通过TransactionStatus 等,转换成一个通用的TransactionInfo return this.prepareTransactionInfo(tm, (TransactionAttribute)txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status); } protected TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo prepareTransactionInfo(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager tm, @Nullable TransactionAttribute txAttr, String joinpointIdentification, @Nullable TransactionStatus status) { //构造一个TransactionInfo TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo = new TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification); if (txAttr != null) { if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) { this.logger.trace("Getting transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "]"); } // 设置事务状态 txInfo.newTransactionStatus(status); } else if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) { this.logger.trace("No need to create transaction for [" + joinpointIdentification + "]: This method is not transactional."); } // 这句话是最重要的,把生成的TransactionInfo并绑定到当前线程的ThreadLocal txInfo.bindToThread(); return txInfo; } //比较简单 只用用事务管理器提交事务即可~~~ 具体的实现逻辑在事务管理器的commit实现里~~ protected void commitTransactionAfterReturning(@Nullable TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo) { if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) { if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) { this.logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "]"); } txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus()); } } protected void completeTransactionAfterThrowing(@Nullable TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo, Throwable ex) { if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) { if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) { this.logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "] after exception: " + ex); } // 如果有事务属性了,那就调用rollbackOn看看这个异常需不需要回滚 if (txInfo.transactionAttribute != null && txInfo.transactionAttribute.rollbackOn(ex)) { try { txInfo.getTransactionManager().rollback(txInfo.getTransactionStatus()); } catch (TransactionSystemException var6) { this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex); var6.initApplicationException(ex); throw var6; } catch (Error | RuntimeException var7) { this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex); throw var7; } } else { // 编程式事务没有事务属性,那就commit吧 try { txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus()); } catch (TransactionSystemException var4) { this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex); var4.initApplicationException(ex); throw var4; } catch (Error | RuntimeException var5) { this.logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex); throw var5; } } } } protected void cleanupTransactionInfo(@Nullable TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo txInfo) { if (txInfo != null) { txInfo.restoreThreadLocalStatus(); } } private static class ThrowableHolderException extends RuntimeException { public ThrowableHolderException(Throwable throwable) { super(throwable); } public String toString() { return this.getCause().toString(); } } private static class ThrowableHolder { @Nullable public Throwable throwable; private ThrowableHolder() { } } @FunctionalInterface protected interface InvocationCallback { Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable; } protected final class TransactionInfo { // 当前事务 的事务管理器 @Nullable private final PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager; // 当前事务 的事务属性 @Nullable private final TransactionAttribute transactionAttribute; //joinpoint标识 private final String joinpointIdentification; //当前事务 的TransactionStatus @Nullable private TransactionStatus transactionStatus; // 重点就是这个oldTransactionInfo字段 // 这个字段保存了当前事务所在的`父事务`上下文的引用,构成了一个链,准确的说是一个有向无环图 @Nullable private TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo oldTransactionInfo; public TransactionInfo(@Nullable PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager, @Nullable TransactionAttribute transactionAttribute, String joinpointIdentification) { this.transactionManager = transactionManager; this.transactionAttribute = transactionAttribute; this.joinpointIdentification = joinpointIdentification; } public PlatformTransactionManager getTransactionManager() { Assert.state(this.transactionManager != null, "No PlatformTransactionManager set"); return this.transactionManager; } @Nullable public TransactionAttribute getTransactionAttribute() { return this.transactionAttribute; } public String getJoinpointIdentification() { return this.joinpointIdentification; } //注意这个方法名,新的一个事务status public void newTransactionStatus(@Nullable TransactionStatus status) { this.transactionStatus = status; } @Nullable public TransactionStatus getTransactionStatus() { return this.transactionStatus; } public boolean hasTransaction() { return this.transactionStatus != null; } //绑定当前正在处理的事务的所有信息到ThreadLocal private void bindToThread() { // 老的事务 先从线程中拿出来,再把新的(也就是当前)绑定进去~~~~~~ this.oldTransactionInfo = (TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo)TransactionAspectSupport.transactionInfoHolder.get(); TransactionAspectSupport.transactionInfoHolder.set(this); } //当前事务处理完之后,恢复父事务上下文 private void restoreThreadLocalStatus() { TransactionAspectSupport.transactionInfoHolder.set(this.oldTransactionInfo); } public String toString() { return this.transactionAttribute != null ? this.transactionAttribute.toString() : "No transaction"; } } }
可见它是对 PlatformTransactionManager
的一个抽象实现。实现Spring的标准事务工作流
这个基类提供了以下工作流程处理:
触发同步回调注册(如果事务同步是激活的)
public abstract class AbstractPlatformTransactionManager implements PlatformTransactionManager, Serializable { //始终激活事务同步(请参阅事务的传播属性~) public static final int SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS = 0; //仅对实际事务(即,不针对由传播导致的空事务)激活事务同步/不支持现有后端事务 public static final int SYNCHRONIZATION_ON_ACTUAL_TRANSACTION = 1; //永远不激活事务同步 public static final int SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER = 2; // 相当于把本类的所有的public static final的变量都收集到此处~~~~ private static final Constants constants = new Constants(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.class); // ===========默认值 private int transactionSynchronization = SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS; // 事务默认的超时时间 为-1表示不超时 private int defaultTimeout = TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT; //Set whether nested transactions are allowed. Default is "false". private boolean nestedTransactionAllowed = false; // Set whether existing transactions should be validated before participating(参与、加入) private boolean validateExistingTransaction = false; //设置是否仅在参与事务`失败后`将 现有事务`全局`标记为回滚 默认值是true 需要注意~~~ // 表示只要你的事务失败了,就标记此事务为rollback-only 表示它只能给与回滚 而不能再commit或者正常结束了 // 这个调用者经常会犯的一个错误就是:上层事务service抛出异常了,自己把它给try住,并且并且还不throw,那就肯定会报错的: // 报错信息:Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only // 当然喽,这个属性强制不建议设置为false~~~~~~ private boolean globalRollbackOnParticipationFailure = true; // 如果事务被全局标记为仅回滚,则设置是否及早失败~~~~ private boolean failEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly = false; // 设置在@code docommit调用失败时是否应执行@code dorollback 通常不需要,因此应避免 private boolean rollbackOnCommitFailure = false; // 我们发现使用起来有点枚举的意思了,特别是用XML配置的时候 非常像枚举的使用~~~~~~~ // 这也是Constants的重要意义~~~~ public final void setTransactionSynchronizationName(String constantName) { setTransactionSynchronization(constants.asNumber(constantName).intValue()); } public final void setTransactionSynchronization(int transactionSynchronization) { this.transactionSynchronization = transactionSynchronization; } //... 省略上面所有字段的一些get/set方法~~~ // 最为重要的一个方法,根据实物定义,获取到一个事务TransactionStatus @Override public final TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException { //doGetTransaction()方法是抽象方法,具体的实现由具体的事务处理器提供(下面会以DataSourceTransactionManager为例子) Object transaction = doGetTransaction(); //如果没有配置事务属性,则使用默认的事务属性 if (definition == null) { definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition(); } //检查当前线程是否存在事务 isExistingTransaction此方法默认返回false 但子类都复写了此方法 if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) { // handleExistingTransaction方法为处理已经存在事务的情况 // 这个方法的实现也很复杂,总之还是对一些传播属性进行解析,各种情况的考虑~~~~~ 如果有新事务产生 doBegin()就会被调用~~~~ return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled); } // 超时时间的简单校验~~~~ if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) { throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout()); } // 处理事务属性中配置的事务传播特性============== // PROPAGATION_MANDATORY 如果已经存在一个事务,支持当前事务。如果没有一个活动的事务,则抛出异常 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) { throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'"); } //如果事务传播特性为required、required_new或nested else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED || definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW || definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) { // 挂起,但是doSuspend()由子类去实现~~~ // 挂起操作,触发相关的挂起注册的事件,把当前线程事物的所有属性都封装好,放到一个SuspendedResourcesHolder // 然后清空清空一下`当前线程事务` SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null); // 此处,开始创建事务~~~~~ try { boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER); // //创建一个新的事务状态 就是new DefaultTransactionStatus() 把个属性都赋值上 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus( definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources); // 开始事务,抽象方法,由子类去实现~ doBegin(transaction, definition); //初始化和同步事务状态 是TransactionSynchronizationManager这个类 它内部维护了很多的ThreadLocal prepareSynchronization(status, definition); return status; } catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) { //重新开始 doResume由子类去实现 resume(null, suspendedResources); throw ex; } } // 走到这里 传播属性就是不需要事务的 那就直接创建一个 else { boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS); // 这个方法相当于先newTransactionStatus,再prepareSynchronization这两步~~~ // 显然和上面的区别是:中间不回插入调用doBegin()方法,因为没有事务 begin个啥~~ return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null); } } // 再看看commit方法 @Override public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException { //如果是一个已经完成的事物,不可重复提交 if (status.isCompleted()) { throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction"); } DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status; // 如果已经标记为了需要回滚,那就执行回滚吧 if (defStatus.isLocalRollbackOnly()) { processRollback(defStatus, false); return; } // shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly这个默认值是false,目前只有JTA事务复写成true了 // isGlobalRollbackOnly:是否标记为了全局的RollbackOnly if (!shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly() && defStatus.isGlobalRollbackOnly()) { processRollback(defStatus, true); return; } // 提交事务 这里面还是挺复杂的,会考虑到还原点、新事务、事务是否是rollback-only之类的~~ processCommit(defStatus); } // rollback方法 里面doRollback方法交给子类去实现~~~ @Override public final void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException { DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status; processRollback(defStatus, false); } }
从这个抽象类源码分析可以看出,它绝对是一个非常非常典型的模版实现,各个方法实现都是这样。自己先提供实现模版,很多具体的实现方案都开放给子类,比如 begin
, suspend
, resume
, commit
, rollback
等,相当于留好了众多的连接点
// 它还实现了ResourceTransactionManager接口,提供了getResourceFactory()方法 public class DataSourceTransactionManager extends AbstractPlatformTransactionManager implements ResourceTransactionManager, InitializingBean { // 显然它管理的就是DataSource 而JTA分布式事务管理可能就是各种各样的数据源了 @Nullable private DataSource dataSource; // 不要强制标记为ReadOnly private boolean enforceReadOnly = false; // JDBC默认是允许内嵌的事务的 public DataSourceTransactionManager() { setNestedTransactionAllowed(true); } public DataSourceTransactionManager(DataSource dataSource) { this(); setDataSource(dataSource); // 它自己的InitializingBean也是做了一个简单的校验而已~~~ afterPropertiesSet(); } // 手动设置数据源 public void setDataSource(@Nullable DataSource dataSource) { // 这步处理有必要 // TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy是对dataSource 的包装 if (dataSource instanceof TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy) { this.dataSource = ((TransactionAwareDataSourceProxy) dataSource).getTargetDataSource(); } else { this.dataSource = dataSource; } } //Return the JDBC DataSource @Nullable public DataSource getDataSource() { return this.dataSource; } // @since 5.0 Spring5.0提供的方法 其实还是调用的getDataSource() 判空了而已 protected DataSource obtainDataSource() { DataSource dataSource = getDataSource(); Assert.state(dataSource != null, "No DataSource set"); return dataSource; } // 直接返回的数据源~~~~ @Override public Object getResourceFactory() { return obtainDataSource(); } ... // 这里返回的是一个`DataSourceTransactionObject` // 它是一个`JdbcTransactionObjectSupport`,所以它是SavepointManager、实现了SmartTransactionObject接口 @Override protected Object doGetTransaction() { DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = new DataSourceTransactionObject(); txObject.setSavepointAllowed(isNestedTransactionAllowed()); // 这个获取有意思~~~~相当于按照线程来的~~~ ConnectionHolder conHolder = (ConnectionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(obtainDataSource()); txObject.setConnectionHolder(conHolder, false); return txObject; } // 检查当前事务是否active @Override protected boolean isExistingTransaction(Object transaction) { DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction; return (txObject.hasConnectionHolder() && txObject.getConnectionHolder().isTransactionActive()); } // 这是一个核心内容了,里面逻辑需要分析分析~~~ @Override protected void doBegin(Object transaction, TransactionDefinition definition) { DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction; Connection con = null; try { if (!txObject.hasConnectionHolder() || txObject.getConnectionHolder().isSynchronizedWithTransaction()) { // 从DataSource里获取一个连接(这个DataSource一般是有连接池的~~~) Connection newCon = obtainDataSource().getConnection(); // 把这个链接用ConnectionHolder包装一下~~~ txObject.setConnectionHolder(new ConnectionHolder(newCon), true); } txObject.getConnectionHolder().setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true); con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection(); // 设置isReadOnly、设置隔离界别等~ Integer previousIsolationLevel = DataSourceUtils.prepareConnectionForTransaction(con, definition); txObject.setPreviousIsolationLevel(previousIsolationLevel); // 这里非常的关键,先看看Connection 是否是自动提交的 // 如果是 就con.setAutoCommit(false) 要不然数据库默认没执行一条SQL都是一个事务,就没法进行事务的管理了 if (con.getAutoCommit()) { txObject.setMustRestoreAutoCommit(true); con.setAutoCommit(false); } // ====因此从这后面,通过此Connection执行的所有SQL语句只要没有commit就都不会提交给数据库的===== // 这个方法特别特别有意思 它自己`Statement stmt = con.createStatement()`拿到一个Statement // 然后执行了一句SQL:`stmt.executeUpdate("SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY");` // 所以,所以:如果你仅仅只是查询。把事务的属性设置为readonly=true Spring对帮你对SQl进行优化的 // 需要注意的是:readonly=true 后,只能读,不能进行dml操作)(只能看到设置事物前数据的变化,看不到设置事物后数据的改变) prepareTransactionalConnection(con, definition); txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTransactionActive(true); int timeout = determineTimeout(definition); if (timeout != TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) { txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTimeoutInSeconds(timeout); } // Bind the connection holder to the thread. // 这一步:就是把当前的链接 和当前的线程进行绑定~~~~ if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) { TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(obtainDataSource(), txObject.getConnectionHolder()); } } catch (Throwable ex) { // 如果是新创建的链接,那就释放~~~~ if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) { DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, obtainDataSource()); txObject.setConnectionHolder(null, false); } throw new CannotCreateTransactionException("Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction", ex); } } // 真正提交事务 @Override protected void doCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) { DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) status.getTransaction(); // 拿到链接 然后直接就commit了 Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection(); try { con.commit(); } catch (SQLException ex) { throw new TransactionSystemException("Could not commit JDBC transaction", ex); } } //doRollback()方法也类似 这里不再细说 }
事务属性 readonly=true
后,只能读操作)(只能看到设置事物前数据的变化,看不到设置事物后数据的改变) 但是通过源码我发现,你只设置 @Transactional(readOnly = true)
这样是不够的,还必须在配置 DataSourceTransactionManager
的时候,来这么一句 dataSourceTransactionManager.setEnforceReadOnly(true)
,最终才会对你的只读事务进行优化~~~~
其实如果仅仅只是设置 @Transactional(readOnly = true)
,最终会把这个 Connection
设置为只读: con.setReadOnly(true)
; 它表示将此连接设置为只读模式,作为驱动程序启用数据库优化的提示。 将链接设置为只读模式通知数据库后,数据库会对做自己的只读优化。但是,这对数据库而言不一定对于数据库而言这就是readonly事务,这点是非常重要的。(因为毕竟一个事务内可能有多个链接.