转载

java8+ 简单、安全、高效的格式化 Date

众所周知 SimpleDateFormat 线程不安全，不少朋友被其坑过。

下面是 stackoverflow 的文章 why-is-javas-simpledateformat-not-thread-safe 中的栗子。

public class ExampleClass {

	private static final Pattern dateCreateP = Pattern.compile("Дата подачи://s*(.+)");
	private static final SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss dd.MM.yyyy");

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(100);
		while (true) {
			executor.submit(new Runnable() {
				@Override
				public void run() {
					workConcurrently();
				}
			});
		}
	}

	public static void workConcurrently() {
		Matcher matcher = dateCreateP.matcher("Дата подачи: 19:30:55 03.05.2015");
		Timestamp startAdvDate = null;
		try {
			if (matcher.find()) {
				String dateCreate = matcher.group(1);
				startAdvDate = new Timestamp(sdf.parse(dateCreate).getTime());
			}
		} catch (Throwable th) {
			th.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.print("OK ");
	}
}
复制代码

And result :

OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: ".201519E.2015192E2"
at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(FloatingDecimal.java:2043)
at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.parseDouble(FloatingDecimal.java:110)
at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:538)
at java.text.DigitList.getDouble(DigitList.java:169)
at java.text.DecimalFormat.parse(DecimalFormat.java:2056)
at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.subParse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1869)
at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.parse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1514)
at java.text.DateFormat.parse(DateFormat.java:364)
at com.nonscalper.webscraper.processor.av.ExampleClass.workConcurrently(ExampleClass.java:37)
at com.nonscalper.webscraper.processor.av.ExampleClass$1.run(ExampleClass.java:25)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
复制代码

解决方案

每次 new (实例化) SimpleDateFormat 。
利用 ThreadLocal 确保每个线程都可以得到单独的一个 SimpleDateFormat 。

public class DateUtil {
	private static final ThreadLocal<SimpleDateFormat> local = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));

	public static String format(Date date) {
		return local.get().format(date);
	}

	public static Date parse(String dateStr) throws ParseException {
		return local.get().parse(dateStr);
	}
}
复制代码

commons-lang3 中的 FastDateFormat 。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
    <version>${commons-lang3-version}</version>
</dependency>
复制代码

性能比拼

性能咋样，jmh 来一把，源码见： github.com/lets-mica/m…

# JMH version: 1.21
# VM version: JDK 1.8.0_221, Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, 25.221-b11

Benchmark             Mode  Cnt       Score       Error  Units
newSimpleDateFormat  thrpt    5  114072.841 ±   989.135  ops/s
threadLocal          thrpt    5  348207.331 ± 46014.175  ops/s
fastDateFormat       thrpt    5  434391.553 ±  7799.593  ops/s
复制代码

结果： fastDateFormat 得分最高。当然你觉得这样就完了？

利用 Instant + DateTimeFormatter

在 mica 1.2.1 中我们利用 Instant 来中转 Date 使用 DateTimeFormatter 格式化。

public static final DateTimeFormatter DATETIME_FORMATTER = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").withZone(ZoneId.systemDefault());

public String format(Date date) {
	return DATETIME_FORMATTER.format(date.toInstant());
}
复制代码

注意： DateTimeFormatter 格式化 Instant 需要指定时区。

jdk 8 压测结果

# JMH version: 1.21
# VM version: JDK 1.8.0_221, Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, 25.221-b11

Benchmark         Mode  Cnt       Score      Error  Units
fastDateFormat   thrpt    5  417338.980  56543.104  ops/s
toInstantFormat  thrpt    5  371028.709  72059.917  ops/s
复制代码

jdk 11 压测结果

# JMH version: 1.21
# VM version: JDK 11.0.4, OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM, 11.0.4+10-b304.69

Benchmark         Mode  Cnt       Score      Error  Units
fastDateFormat   thrpt    5  384637.138   7402.690  ops/s
toInstantFormat  thrpt    5  487482.436  12490.986  ops/s
复制代码

原文 https://juejin.im/post/5dbc2934518825247d4dcab4

正文到此结束