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基于netty手写RPC框架

代码目录结构

基于netty手写RPC框架

  • rpc-common存放公共类
  • rpc-interface为rpc调用方需要调用的接口
  • rpc-register提供服务的注册与发现
  • rpc-client为rpc调用方底层实现
  • rpc-server为rpc被调用方底层实现
  • rpc-sample-client就是使用自实现的rpc框架调用rpc-sample-server
  • rpc-sample-server就是rpc框架的被调用方

技术要点

## 1. 使用zookeeper作注册中心,把被调用方的信息注册上去

基于netty手写RPC框架

基于netty手写RPC框架

服务的注册

public void register(String data) {
        if (data != null) {
            byte[] bytes = data.getBytes();
            try {
                if (zk.exists(dataPath, null) == null) {
                    zk.create(dataPath, null, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
                }
                zk.create(dataPath + "/data", bytes, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
            } catch (KeeperException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

服务的发现

public String discover() {
        String data = null;
        int size = dataList.size();
        // 存在新节点,使用即可
        if (size > 0) {
            if (size == 1) {
                data = dataList.get(0);
            } else {
                data = dataList.get(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(size));
            }
        }
        return data;
    }

2、自定义注解

注解RpcService标记被调用方的实现类,RpcClientService标记调用方的类需要生成代理类

@Target({ ElementType.TYPE })//注解用在接口上
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)//VM将在运行期也保留注释,因此可以通过反射机制读取注解的信息
@Component
public @interface RpcClientService {
}
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE })//注解用在接口上
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)//VM将在运行期也保留注释,因此可以通过反射机制读取注解的信息
@Component
public @interface RpcService {
    Class<?> value();
}

3、调用方代理类的注入

扫描包下的RpcClientService注解,并生成代理类

/**
 * 用于Spring动态注入自定义接口
 *
 * @author shuangyueliao
 */
@Component
public class ServiceBeanDefinitionRegistry implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
        Set<Class<?>> typesAnnotatedWith = new Reflections("com.shuangyueliao.rpc.myinterface").getTypesAnnotatedWith(RpcClientService.class);
        for (Class beanClazz : typesAnnotatedWith) {
            BeanDefinitionBuilder builder = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(beanClazz);
            GenericBeanDefinition definition = (GenericBeanDefinition) builder.getRawBeanDefinition();

            //在这里,我们可以给该对象的属性注入对应的实例。
            //比如mybatis,就在这里注入了dataSource和sqlSessionFactory,
            // 注意,如果采用definition.getPropertyValues()方式的话,
            // 类似definition.getPropertyValues().add("interfaceType", beanClazz);
            // 则要求在FactoryBean(本应用中即ServiceFactory)提供setter方法,否则会注入失败
            // 如果采用definition.getConstructorArgumentValues(),
            // 则FactoryBean中需要提供包含该属性的构造方法,否则会注入失败
            Properties properties = new Properties();
            InputStream is=this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/application.properties");
            try {
                properties.load(is);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            String registerAddress = properties.getProperty("zookeeper.url");
            String dataPath = properties.getProperty("zookeeper.register.path.prefix");
            ServiceDiscovery serviceDiscovery = new ServiceDiscovery(registerAddress, dataPath);
            definition.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue("serviceDiscovery", serviceDiscovery);
            definition.getConstructorArgumentValues().addGenericArgumentValue(beanClazz);

            //注意,这里的BeanClass是生成Bean实例的工厂,不是Bean本身。
            // FactoryBean是一种特殊的Bean,其返回的对象不是指定类的一个实例,
            // 其返回的是该工厂Bean的getObject方法所返回的对象。
            definition.setBeanClass(RpcProxy.class);

            //这里采用的是byType方式注入,类似的还有byName等
            definition.setAutowireMode(GenericBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE);
            registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanClazz.getSimpleName(), definition);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {

    }

}

获取代理类

public class RpcProxy<T> implements FactoryBean<T> {

    private String serverAddress;

    private Class<T> interfaceType;

    private ServiceDiscovery serviceDiscovery;

    public RpcProxy(Class<T> interfaceType) {
        this.interfaceType = interfaceType;
    }

    public ServiceDiscovery getServiceDiscovery() {
        return serviceDiscovery;
    }

    public void setServiceDiscovery(ServiceDiscovery serviceDiscovery) {
        this.serviceDiscovery = serviceDiscovery;
    }

    private RpcClient rpcClient;

    @Override
    public T getObject() throws Exception {
        return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(interfaceType.getClassLoader(),
                new Class<?>[] { interfaceType }, (proxy, method, args) -> {
                    //创建RpcRequest,封装被代理类的属性
                    RpcRequest request = new RpcRequest();
                    request.setRequestId(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
                    //拿到声明这个方法的业务接口名称
                    request.setClassName(method.getDeclaringClass()
                            .getName());
                    request.setMethodName(method.getName());
                    request.setParameterTypes(method.getParameterTypes());
                    request.setParameters(args);
                    synchronized (this) {
                        if (rpcClient == null) {
                            //查找服务
                            if (serviceDiscovery != null) {
                                serverAddress = serviceDiscovery.discover();
                            }
                            //随机获取服务的地址
                            String[] array = serverAddress.split(":");
                            String host = array[0];
                            int port = Integer.parseInt(array[1]);
                            //创建Netty实现的RpcClient,链接服务端
                            rpcClient = new RpcClient(host, port);
                        }
                    }
                    //通过netty向服务端发送请求
                    RpcResponse response = rpcClient.send(request);
                    //返回信息
                    if (response.isError()) {
                        throw response.getError();
                    } else {
                        return response.getResult();
                    }
                });
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return interfaceType;
    }

}

调用方底层基于netty的发送请求和接收响应

public RpcClient(String host, int port) {
        this.host = host;
        this.port = port;
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) {
                            // 向pipeline中添加编码、解码、业务处理的handler
                            channel.pipeline()
                                    .addLast(new RpcEncoder(RpcRequest.class))  //OUT - 1
                                    .addLast(new RpcDecoder(RpcResponse.class)) //IN - 1
                                    .addLast(RpcClient.this);                   //IN - 2
                        }
                    }).option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
            // 链接服务器
            future = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
            } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 链接服务端,发送消息
     *
     * @param request
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public RpcResponse send(RpcRequest request) throws Exception {
        //将request对象写入outbundle处理后发出(即RpcEncoder编码器)
        // 用线程等待的方式决定是否关闭连接
        // 其意义是:先在此阻塞,等待获取到服务端的返回后,被唤醒,从而关闭网络连接
        Object o = new Object();
        locks.put(request.getRequestId(), o);
        synchronized (o) {
            future.channel().writeAndFlush(request);
            o.wait(10000);
        }
        return response;
    }

    /**
     * 读取服务端的返回结果
     */
    @Override
    public void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, RpcResponse response)
            throws Exception {
        this.response = response;
        Object o = locks.remove(response.getRequestId());
        synchronized (o) {
            o.notify();
        }
    }

4、被调用方

获取接口与实现类的对应关系

public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext ctx)
            throws BeansException {
        Map<String, Object> serviceBeanMap = ctx
                .getBeansWithAnnotation(RpcService.class);
        if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(serviceBeanMap)) {
            for (Object serviceBean : serviceBeanMap.values()) {
                //从业务实现类上的自定义注解中获取到value,从来获取到业务接口的全名
                String interfaceName = serviceBean.getClass()
                        .getAnnotation(RpcService.class).value().getName();
                handlerMap.put(interfaceName, serviceBean);
            }
        }
    }

读取调用方传递过来的接口名和参数,利用反射调用相应类并返回结果给前端

public void channelRead0(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx, RpcRequest request)
            throws Exception {
        RpcResponse response = new RpcResponse();
        response.setRequestId(request.getRequestId());
        try {
            //根据request来处理具体的业务调用
            Object result = handle(request);
            response.setResult(result);
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            response.setError(t);
        }
        //写入 outbundle(即RpcEncoder)进行下一步处理(即编码)后发送到channel中给客户端
        ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
    }

    /**
     * 根据request来处理具体的业务调用
     * 调用是通过反射的方式来完成
     * 
     * @param request
     * @return
     * @throws Throwable
     */
    private Object handle(RpcRequest request) throws Throwable {
        String className = request.getClassName();
        
        //拿到实现类对象
        Object serviceBean = handlerMap.get(className);
        
        //拿到要调用的方法名、参数类型、参数值
        String methodName = request.getMethodName();
        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = request.getParameterTypes();
        Object[] parameters = request.getParameters();
        
        //拿到接口类
        Class<?> forName = Class.forName(className);
        
        //调用实现类对象的指定方法并返回结果
        Method method = forName.getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
        return method.invoke(serviceBean, parameters);
    }

5、自定义rpc框架的使用

1、被调用方maven依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.shuangyueliao</groupId>
            <artifactId>rpc-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

2、调用方maven依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.shuangyueliao</groupId>
            <artifactId>rpc-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

3、被调用方实现类加上注解RpcService,里面的值是被调用的接口

@RpcService(PayService.class)
public class PayServiceImpl implements PayService {
    @Override
    public int calculate(int a, int b) {
        int result = a + b;
        return result;
    }
}

4、调用方建立包名com.shuangyueliao.rpc.myinterface,新建要调用的接口,并加上注解RpcClientService

@RpcClientService
public interface PayService {
    int calculate(int a, int b);
}

功能演示

1、启动zookeeper,如需要修改zookeeper连接地址,请修改rpc-sample-server和rpc-sample-client的配置文件application.properties中的配置项zookeeper.url

2、运行rpc-sample-server(被调用方)RpcBootstrap的main方法启动被调用方

3、运行rpc-sample-client(调用方)的StartApp的main方法启动调用方

4、浏览器输入 http://localhost :8090/order请求rpc-sample-client,rpc-sample-client会RPC调用rpc-sample-server

基于netty手写RPC框架

基于netty手写RPC框架

项目地址

原文  https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000020936559
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