Hystrix Dashboard 可以定时收集接口调用信息;时长、次数、性能、熔断等各项指标来进行监控展示,但是我们每次监控都需要输入一个Hystrix 的链接例如: http://localhost:9001/actuator/hystrix.stream, 但是这样并不利于我们去做整体服务的监控,并且在实际使用的过程中如果是几十到几百个接口那么这样的监控几乎达不到监控效果,就累死在监控路上了。因此我们需要使用到 Turbine 来进行监控信息聚合,可以按业务组定义配置方便监控。
案例通过添加itstack-demo-springcloud-turbine工程模块,将单体监控汇总在统一页面进行管理,此时的监控模型,如图;
itstack-demo-springcloud-05 ├── itstack-demo-springcloud-eureka-client │ └── src │ └── main │ ├── java │ │ └── org.itstack.demo │ │ ├── web │ │ │ └── EurekaClientController.java │ │ └── EurekaClientApplication.java │ └── resources │ └── application.yml ├── itstack-demo-springcloud-eureka-server │ └── src │ └── main │ ├── java │ │ └── org.itstack.demo │ │ └── EurekaServerApplication.java │ └── resources │ └── application.yml ├── itstack-demo-springcloud-hystrix-dashboard │ └── src │ └── main │ ├── java │ │ └── org.itstack.demo │ │ └── DashboardApplication.java │ └── resources │ └── application.yml ├── itstack-demo-springcloud-hystrix-feign │ └── src │ └── main │ ├── java │ │ └── org.itstack.demo │ │ ├── service │ │ │ ├── hystrix │ │ │ │ └── FeignServiceHystrix.java │ │ │ └── FeignService.java │ │ ├── web │ │ │ └── FeignController.java │ │ └── FeignApplication.java │ └── resources │ └── application.yml ├── itstack-demo-springcloud-hystrix-ribbon │ └── src │ └── main │ ├── java │ │ └── org.itstack.demo │ │ ├── service │ │ │ └── RibbonService.java │ │ ├── web │ │ │ └── RibbonController.java │ │ └── RibbonApplication.java │ └── resources │ └── application.yml └── itstack-demo-springcloud-turbine └── src └── main ├── java │ └── org.itstack.demo │ └── TurbineApplication.java └── resources └── application.yml 复制代码
提供一个查询用户信息的简单方法,在配置文件中通过修改端口启动2次,模拟双实例应用,为调用方负载做准备。
web/EurekaClientController.java | 注意@EnableEurekaClient用于向注册中心提供服务
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @EnableEurekaClient @RestController public class EurekaClientController { @Value("${server.port}") private int port; @RequestMapping(path = "/api/queryUserInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String queryUserInfo(@RequestParam String userId) { return "Hi 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | " + userId + " >: from eureka client port: " + port; } } 复制代码
EurekaClientApplication.java | 服务启动类
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @SpringBootApplication public class EurekaClientApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args); } } 复制代码
application.yml | 配置文件链接服务注册中心,8001/8002分别配置启动
server: port: 8001 / 8002 spring: application: name: itstack-demo-springcloud-eureka-client eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:7397/eureka/ 复制代码
服务注册中心用于承载接口提供方向上注册,同时正在调用方链接后可以获取指定应用的服务实例。
EurekaServerApplication.java | 通过注解@EnableEurekaServer启动服务注册与发现中心
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run( EurekaServerApplication.class, args ); } } 复制代码
application.yml | 服务注册中心配置文件,端口7397和我们之前写netty的服务的端口一致
server: port: 7397 eureka: instance: hostname: localhost client: registerWithEureka: false fetchRegistry: false serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ spring: application: name: itstack-demo-springcloud-eureka-server 复制代码
Spring Cloud Hystrix Dashboard只是spring cloud基于Hystrix Dashboard,将实时监控数据通过页面呈现出来。Spring Cloud Hystrix Dashboard的底层原理是间隔一定时间去“Ping”目标服务,返回的结果是最新的监控数据,最后将数据显示出来。
Cluster via Turbine (default cluster): http://turbine-hostname:port/turbine.stream Cluster via Turbine (custom cluster): http://turbine-hostname:port/turbine.stream?cluster=[clusterName] Single Hystrix App: http://hystrix-app:port/actuator/hystrix.stream 复制代码
DashboardApplication.java | 配置@EnableHystrixDashboard启动服务
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @EnableHystrixDashboard @SpringBootApplication public class DashboardApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DashboardApplication.class, args); } } 复制代码
application.yml | 通用配置信息
server: port: 8989 spring: application: name: itstack-demo-springcloud-hystrix-dashboard 复制代码
Feign 是一个声明式的 Web Service 客户端,它的目的就是让 Web Service 调用更加简单。它整合了 Ribbon 和 Hystrix,从而让我们不再需要显式地使用这两个组件。Feign 还提供了 HTTP 请求的模板,通过编写简单的接口和插入注解,我们就可以定义好 HTTP 请求的参数、格式、地址等信息。接下来,Feign 会完全代理 HTTP 的请求,我们只需要像调用方法一样调用它就可以完成服务请求。
Feign 具有如下特性:
可插拔的注解支持,包括 Feign 注解和 JAX-RS 注解 支持可插拔的 HTTP 编码器和解码器 支持 Hystrix 和它的 Fallback 支持 Ribbon 的负载均衡 支持 HTTP 请求和响应的压缩
service/FeignService.java | 注解方式调用,方便易用。@FeignClient会在调用时进行解析服务到具体的http://ip:port/
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @FeignClient(value = "itstack-demo-springcloud-eureka-client", fallback = FeignServiceHystrix.class) public interface FeignService { @RequestMapping(value = "/api/queryUserInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET) String queryUserInfo(@RequestParam String userId); } 复制代码
service/hystrix/FeignServiceHystrix.java | 提供熔断服务,当发生异常时主动返回预定结果
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @Component public class FeignServiceHystrix implements FeignService { @Override public String queryUserInfo(String userId) { return "queryUserInfo by userId:" + userId + " err!from feign hystrix"; } } 复制代码
web/FeignController.java | 使用接口提供服务 From Feign
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @RestController public class FeignController { @Resource private FeignService ribbonService; @RequestMapping(path = "/api/queryUserInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String queryUserInfo(@RequestParam String userId) { return ribbonService.queryUserInfo(userId) + " From Feign"; } } 复制代码
FeignApplication.java | 注解@EnableEurekaClient、@EnableFeignClients、@EnableDiscoveryClient获取调用注册中心服务
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableFeignClients @EnableHystrix public class FeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class, args); } } 复制代码
application.yml | eureka服务配置,从注册中心获取可用服务。开启hystrix=true,并设置hystrix.stream
server: port: 9001 spring: application: name: itstack-demo-springcloud-feign eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:7397/eureka/ feign.hystrix.enabled: true management: endpoints: web: exposure: include: hystrix.stream 复制代码
Ribbon是一个基于 HTTP 和 TCP 的客户端负载均衡器。它可以通过在客户端中配置 ribbonServerList 来设置服务端列表去轮询访问以达到均衡负载的作用。
当 Ribbon 与 Eureka 联合使用时,ribbonServerList 会被 DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList 重写,扩展成从 Eureka 注册中心中获取服务实例列表。同时它也会用 NIWSDiscoveryPing 来取代 IPing,它将职责委托给 Eureka 来确定服务端是否已经启动。
service/RibbonService.java | 接口式硬编码调用不太易于维护,因此也是比较少用的方式。hystrix实际通过getFallback()返回熔断结果
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @Service public class RibbonService { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "queryUserInfoFallback") public String queryUserInfo(String userId) { return restTemplate.getForObject("http://ITSTACK-DEMO-SPRINGCLOUD-EUREKA-CLIENT/api/queryUserInfo?userId=" + userId, String.class); } /** * Specifies a method to process fallback logic. * A fallback method should be defined in the same class where is HystrixCommand. * Also a fallback method should have same signature to a method which was invoked as hystrix command. * for example: * <code> * @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "getByIdFallback") * public String getById(String id) {...} * * private String getByIdFallback(String id) {...} * </code> * Also a fallback method can be annotated with {@link HystrixCommand} * <p/> * default => see {@link com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.command.GenericCommand#getFallback()} * * @return method name * * getFallback() * * @Override * protected Object getFallback() { * final CommandAction commandAction = getFallbackAction(); * if (commandAction != null) { * try { * return process(new Action() { * @Override * Object execute() { * MetaHolder metaHolder = commandAction.getMetaHolder(); * Object[] args = createArgsForFallback(metaHolder, getExecutionException()); * return commandAction.executeWithArgs(metaHolder.getFallbackExecutionType(), args); * } * }); * } catch (Throwable e) { * LOGGER.error(FallbackErrorMessageBuilder.create() * .append(commandAction, e).build()); * throw new FallbackInvocationException(unwrapCause(e)); * } * } else { * return super.getFallback(); * } * } */ public String queryUserInfoFallback(String userId) { return "queryUserInfo by userId:" + userId + " err!from ribbon hystrix"; } } 复制代码
web/RibbonController.java | 使用接口提供服务 From Ribbon
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @RestController public class RibbonController { @Resource private RibbonService ribbonService; @RequestMapping(path = "/api/queryUserInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String queryUserInfo(@RequestParam String userId) { return ribbonService.queryUserInfo(userId) + " From Ribbon"; } } 复制代码
RibbonApplication.java | 通过注解@LoadBalanced注册rest模版,用于Ribbon接口调用。并启动@EnableHystrix
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableDiscoveryClient @EnableHystrix public class RibbonApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(RibbonApplication.class, args); } @Bean @LoadBalanced RestTemplate restTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } } 复制代码
application.yml | eureka服务配置,从注册中心获取可用服务
server: port: 9002 spring: application: name: itstack-demo-springcloud-ribbon eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:7397/eureka/ 复制代码
通过配置汇总,将应用itstack-demo-springcloud-feign,itstack-demo-springcloud-ribbon,汇总监控。
TurbineApplication.java | 通过注解@EnableTurbine配置启动Ribbon
/** * 微信公众号:bugstack虫洞栈 | 沉淀、分享、成长,专注于原创专题案例 * 论坛:http://bugstack.cn * Create by 付政委 on @2019 */ @EnableTurbine @SpringBootApplication public class TurbineApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(TurbineApplication.class, args); } } 复制代码
application.yml | eureka服务配置,从注册中心获取可用服务
spring: application: name: itstack-demo-springcloud-turbine server: port: 8080 management: port: 8081 ## 服务注册中心 eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7397/eureka ## 监控汇总配置,这里配置2个应用逗号隔开 turbine: app-config: itstack-demo-springcloud-feign,itstack-demo-springcloud-ribbon cluster-name-expression: new String("default") combine-host-port: true 复制代码
启动itstack-demo-springcloud-hystrix-dashboard,访问; http://localhost:8989/hystrix [图片上传失败...(image-c31e8b-1573692302248)]
分别启动如下系统模拟;
测试监控