在真实业务场景中,数据库中经常需要存储某些客户的关键性敏感信息如:身份证号、银行卡号、姓名、手机号码等,此类信息按照合规要求,通常需要实现加密存储以满足合规要求。
通常的解决方案是我们书写SQL的时候,把对应的加密字段手动进行加密再进行插入,在查询的时候使用之前再手动进行解密。此方法固然可行,但是使用起来非常不便捷且繁琐,使得日常的业务开发与存储合规的细节紧耦合
对于一些为了快速上线而一开始没有实现合规脱敏的系统,如何比较快速的使得已有业务满足合规要求的同时,尽量减少对原系统的改造。(通常的这个过程至少包括:1.新增脱敏列的存储 2.同时做数据迁移 3.业务的代码做兼容逻辑等)。
Apache ShardingSphere下面存在一个数据脱敏模块,此模块集成的常用的数据脱敏的功能。其基本原理是对用户输入的SQL进行解析拦截,并依靠用户的脱敏配置进行SQL的改写,从而实现对原文字段的加密及加密字段的解密。最终实现对用户无感的加解密存储、查询。
以下介绍基于Spring如何快速让系统支持脱敏配置。
<!-- for spring namespace --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId> <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version> </dependency>
在创建数据源之前,需要准备一个EncryptRuleConfiguration进行脱敏的配置,以下是一个例子,对于同一个数据源里两张表card_info,pay_order的不同字段进行AES的加密
private EncryptRuleConfiguration getEncryptRuleConfiguration() { Properties props = new Properties(); //自带aes算法需要 props.setProperty("aes.key.value", aeskey); EncryptorRuleConfiguration encryptorConfig = new EncryptorRuleConfiguration("AES", props); //自定义算法 //props.setProperty("qb.finance.aes.key.value", aeskey); //EncryptorRuleConfiguration encryptorConfig = new EncryptorRuleConfiguration("QB-FINANCE-AES", props); EncryptRuleConfiguration encryptRuleConfig = new EncryptRuleConfiguration(); encryptRuleConfig.getEncryptors().put("aes", encryptorConfig); //START: card_info 表的脱敏配置 { EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration columnConfig1 = new EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration("", "name", "", "aes"); EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration columnConfig2 = new EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration("", "id_no", "", "aes"); EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration columnConfig3 = new EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration("", "finshell_card_no", "", "aes"); Map<String, EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration> columnConfigMaps = new HashMap<>(); columnConfigMaps.put("name", columnConfig1); columnConfigMaps.put("id_no", columnConfig2); columnConfigMaps.put("finshell_card_no", columnConfig3); EncryptTableRuleConfiguration tableConfig = new EncryptTableRuleConfiguration(columnConfigMaps); encryptRuleConfig.getTables().put("card_info", tableConfig); } //END: card_info 表的脱敏配置 //START: pay_order 表的脱敏配置 { EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration columnConfig1 = new EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration("", "card_no", "", "aes"); Map<String, EncryptColumnRuleConfiguration> columnConfigMaps = new HashMap<>(); columnConfigMaps.put("card_no", columnConfig1); EncryptTableRuleConfiguration tableConfig = new EncryptTableRuleConfiguration(columnConfigMaps); encryptRuleConfig.getTables().put("pay_order", tableConfig); } log.info("脱敏配置构建完成:{} ", encryptRuleConfig); return encryptRuleConfig;
}
说明:
把原始的数据源包装一层
@Bean("tradePlatformDataSource") public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("druidDataSource") DataSource ds) throws SQLException { return EncryptDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(ds, getEncryptRuleConfiguration(), new Properties()); }
以下步骤使用Spring Boot管理,可以仅用配置文件解决:
1.引入依赖
<!-- for spring boot --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- for spring namespace --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId> <version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version> </dependency>
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.name=ds spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.url=xxxxxxxxxxxxx spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.username=xxxxxxx spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds.password=xxxxxxxxxxxx # 默认的AES加密器 spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.encryptors.encryptor_aes.type=aes spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.encryptors.encryptor_aes.props.aes.key.value=hkiqAXU6Ur5fixGHaO4Lb2V2ggausYwW # card_info 姓名 AES加密 spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.card_info.columns.name.cipherColumn=name spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.card_info.columns.name.encryptor=encryptor_aes # card_info 身份证 AES加密 spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.card_info.columns.id_no.cipherColumn=id_no spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.card_info.columns.id_no.encryptor=encryptor_aes # card_info 银行卡号 AES加密 spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.card_info.columns.finshell_card_no.cipherColumn=finshell_card_no spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.card_info.columns.finshell_card_no.encryptor=encryptor_aes # pay_order 银行卡号 AES加密 spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.pay_order.columns.card_no.cipherColumn=card_no spring.shardingsphere.encrypt.tables.pay_order.columns.card_no.encryptor=encryptor_aes