前言
上篇文章讲到了 Wrapper 的启动。在这篇文章中初次提到了 Pipeline 和 Valve。Pipeline的实现类是 StandardPipeline,StandardPipeline 继承自 LifecycleBase,而 Valve 的实现类则比较多,这些实现类都继承自基类 ValveBase,而 ValveBase 继承自 LifecycleMBeanBase。
1. Pipeline 与 Valve 的初始化
在 ContainerBase 中有一个 Pipeline 类型的对象,其声明为:
/** * The Pipeline object with which this Container is associated. */ protected final Pipeline pipeline = new StandardPipeline(this);
public StandardPipeline(Container container) { super(); setContainer(container); } /** * The Container with which this Pipeline is associated. */ protected Container container = null; @Override public void setContainer(Container container) { this.container = container; }
可以看出,每一个 Container 对象都包含了一个 Pipeline 对象,包括 Engine、Host、Context、Wrapper。
public StandardEngine() { super(); pipeline.setBasic(new StandardEngineValve()); /* Set the jmvRoute using the system property jvmRoute */ try { setJvmRoute(System.getProperty("jvmRoute")); } catch(Exception ex) { log.warn(sm.getString("standardEngine.jvmRouteFail")); } // By default, the engine will hold the reloading thread backgroundProcessorDelay = 10; }
public StandardHost() { super(); pipeline.setBasic(new StandardHostValve()); }
public StandardContext() { super(); pipeline.setBasic(new StandardContextValve()); broadcaster = new NotificationBroadcasterSupport(); // Set defaults if (!Globals.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE) { // Strict servlet compliance requires all extension mapped servlets // to be checked against welcome files resourceOnlyServlets.add("jsp"); } }
public StandardWrapper() { super(); swValve=new StandardWrapperValve(); pipeline.setBasic(swValve); broadcaster = new NotificationBroadcasterSupport(); }
@Override public void setBasic(Valve valve) { // Change components if necessary Valve oldBasic = this.basic; if (oldBasic == valve) return; // Stop the old component if necessary if (oldBasic != null) { if (getState().isAvailable() && (oldBasic instanceof Lifecycle)) { try { ((Lifecycle) oldBasic).stop(); } catch (LifecycleException e) { log.error(sm.getString("standardPipeline.basic.stop"), e); } } if (oldBasic instanceof Contained) { try { ((Contained) oldBasic).setContainer(null); } catch (Throwable t) { ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t); } } } // Start the new component if necessary if (valve == null) return; if (valve instanceof Contained) { ((Contained) valve).setContainer(this.container); } if (getState().isAvailable() && valve instanceof Lifecycle) { try { ((Lifecycle) valve).start(); } catch (LifecycleException e) { log.error(sm.getString("standardPipeline.basic.start"), e); return; } } // Update the pipeline Valve current = first; while (current != null) { if (current.getNext() == oldBasic) { current.setNext(valve); break; } current = current.getNext(); } this.basic = valve; }
在每个容器的构造函数中,都调用了 Pipeline#setBasic 方法给各自的 Pipeline 都设置了一个 Valve 对象。
可以看出,每个不同的 Container 对应的 Valve 实现类是不同的。这些不同的 Valve 实现类的父类都是 ValveBase。
public StandardEngineValve() { super(true); }
public StandardHostValve() { super(true); }
public StandardContextValve() { super(true); }
public StandardWrapperValve() { super(true); }
public ValveBase(boolean asyncSupported) { this.asyncSupported = asyncSupported; }
可以看出在这四个类的构造方法中,都设置了 ValveBase 里的 asyncSupported 属性为true。
2. Pipeline#initInternal、startInternal 方法
在容器启动的时候(ContainerBase#startInternal)调用了其成员属性 Pipeline 的 start 方法。StandardPipeline,重写了 LifecycleBase 的 initInternal 和 startInternal 方法
@Override protected void initInternal() { // NOOP } /** * Start {@link Valve}s) in this pipeline and implement the requirements * of {@link LifecycleBase#startInternal()}. * * @exception LifecycleException if this component detects a fatal error * that prevents this component from being used */ @Override protected synchronized void startInternal() throws LifecycleException { // Start the Valves in our pipeline (including the basic), if any Valve current = first; if (current == null) { current = basic; } while (current != null) { if (current instanceof Lifecycle) ((Lifecycle) current).start(); current = current.getNext(); } setState(LifecycleState.STARTING); }
StandardPipeline 的 initInternal 方法是一个空实现,而 startInternal 方法,则是依次调用自己关联的 Valve 的 start 方法。
3. ValveBase#initInternal、startInternal 方法
Valve 的实现类 StandardEngineValve、StandardHostValve、StandardContextValve 都没有重载 initInternal 和 startInternal 方法, StandardWrapperValve 也没有重载 startInternal 方法,重载了 initInternal,但是 StandardWrapperValve#initInternal 方法是一个空方法。
@Override protected void initInternal() throws LifecycleException { super.initInternal(); containerLog = getContainer().getLogger(); } /** * Start this component and implement the requirements * of {@link org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase#startInternal()}. * * @exception LifecycleException if this component detects a fatal error * that prevents this component from being used */ @Override protected synchronized void startInternal() throws LifecycleException { setState(LifecycleState.STARTING); }
ValveBase#initInternal、startInternal 都很简单。
小结
本文分析了 Pipeline 和 Valve 的初始化,以及 init 和 start 过程,这两个组件的初始化、init、start 相对来说比较简单。Pipeline 和 Valve 真正起作用的时候是在 Connector 使用容器 Container 处理请求的时候,Connector 会找到自己关联的 Service 的里的 Container 对象(也就是 Engine 对象),然后获取这个对象的 Pipeline,通过这个 Pipeline 对象获取 Pipeline 对象的 Valve 对象,最后通过调用 Valve 对象的 invoke 方法来处理请求,如下面的代码
connector.getService().getContainer().getPipeline() .getFirst().invoke(request, response);
当然,这些内容将在后面的文章中揭秘,本文在此不多做讨论。
关于 Valve#invoke 方法,每个实现类的内容都不相同,这里也不多做描述了。