Copy ArrayList的四种方式
ArrayList是我们经常会用到的集合类,有时候我们需要拷贝一个ArrayList,今天向大家介绍拷贝ArrayList常用的四种方式。
ArrayList有个构造函数,可以传入一个集合:
public ArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) { elementData = c.toArray(); if ((size = elementData.length) != 0) { // c.toArray might (incorrectly) not return Object[] (see 6260652) if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class) elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size, Object[].class); } else { // replace with empty array. this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA; } }
上面的代码我们可以看出,底层实际上调用了Arrays.copyOf方法来对数组进行拷贝。这个拷贝调用了系统的native arraycopy方法,注意这里的拷贝是引用拷贝,而不是值的拷贝。这就意味着这如果拷贝之后对象的值发送了变化,源对象也会发生改变。
举个例子:
@Test public void withConstructor(){ List<String> stringList=new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("a","b","c")); List<String> copyList = new ArrayList<>(stringList); copyList.set(0,"e"); log.info("{}",stringList); log.info("{}",copyList); List<CustBook> objectList=new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new CustBook("a"),new CustBook("b"),new CustBook("c"))); List<CustBook> copyobjectList = new ArrayList<>(objectList); copyobjectList.get(0).setName("e"); log.info("{}",objectList); log.info("{}",copyobjectList); }
运行结果:
22:58:39.001 [main] INFO com.flydean.CopyList - [a, b, c] 22:58:39.008 [main] INFO com.flydean.CopyList - [e, b, c] 22:58:39.009 [main] INFO com.flydean.CopyList - [CustBook(name=e), CustBook(name=b), CustBook(name=c)] 22:58:39.009 [main] INFO com.flydean.CopyList - [CustBook(name=e), CustBook(name=b), CustBook(name=c)]
我们看到对象的改变实际上改变了拷贝的源。而copyList.set(0,”e”)实际上创建了一个新的String对象,并把它赋值到copyList的0位置。
List有一个addAll方法,我们可以使用这个方法来进行拷贝:
@Test public void withAddAll(){ List<CustBook> objectList=new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new CustBook("a"),new CustBook("b"),new CustBook("c"))); List<CustBook> copyobjectList = new ArrayList<>(); copyobjectList.addAll(objectList); copyobjectList.get(0).setName("e"); log.info("{}",objectList); log.info("{}",copyobjectList); }
同样的拷贝的是对象的引用。
同样的,使用Collections.copy也可以得到相同的效果,看下代码:
@Test public void withCopy(){ List<CustBook> objectList=new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new CustBook("a"),new CustBook("b"),new CustBook("c"))); List<CustBook> copyobjectList = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new CustBook("d"),new CustBook("e"),new CustBook("f"))); Collections.copy(copyobjectList, objectList); copyobjectList.get(0).setName("e"); log.info("{}",objectList); log.info("{}",copyobjectList); }
我们也可以使用java 8引入的stream来实现:
@Test public void withStream(){ List<CustBook> objectList=new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new CustBook("a"),new CustBook("b"),new CustBook("c"))); List<CustBook> copyobjectList=objectList.stream().collect(Collectors.toList()); copyobjectList.get(0).setName("e"); log.info("{}",objectList); log.info("{}",copyobjectList); }
好了,四种方法讲完了,大家要注意四种方法都是引用拷贝,在使用的时候要小心。
本文的例子 https://github.com/ddean2009/learn-java-collections