在Javaweb开发中,需要使用大量的jar包,我们手动去导入;
如何能够让一个东西自动帮我导入和配置这个jar包。
由此,Maven诞生了!
我们目前用来就是方便导入jar包的!
Maven的核心思想: 约定大于配置
Maven会规定好你该如何去编写我们的Java代码,必须要按照这个规范来;
官网; https://maven.apache.org/
下载完成后,解压即可;
在我们的系统环境变量中
配置如下配置:
测试:命令行窗口输入 mvn -version
测试Maven是否安装成功,保证必须配置完毕!
<mirror> <id>nexus-aliyun</id> <mirrorOf>*,!jeecg,!jeecg-snapshots</mirrorOf> <name>Nexus aliyun</name> <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url> </mirror>
在本地的仓库,远程仓库;
建立一个本地仓库:localRepository
<localRepository>E:/JavaWeb/apache-maven-3.6.3/maven-repo/localRepository>
启动IDEA
创建一个MavenWeb项目
等待项目初始化完毕
观察maven仓库中多了什么东西?
IDEA中的Maven设置
注意:IDEA项目创建成功后,看一眼Maven的配置
不勾选Create from archetype,下一步
自动导入
自动生成干净的maven
若没找到,点击更多
解决警告问题
必须要的配置: 为什么会有这个问题:我们访问一个网站,需要指定一个文件夹名字;
运行一下:连接成功
pom.xml 是Maven的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!--Maven版本和头文件--> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!--这里是刚才配置的GAV--> <groupId>com.wan</groupId> <artifactId>JavaWeb-Maven01</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--项目的打包方式 jar:java应用 war:JavaWeb应用--> <packaging>war</packaging> <!--可以删除下面相关信息--> <name>JavaWeb-Maven01 Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <!--配置--> <properties> <!-- 项目的默认构造编码--> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <!--项目依赖--> <dependencies> <!-- 具体项目jar依赖的配置文件--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>JavaWeb-Maven01</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!--Maven版本和头文件--> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!--这里就是我们刚才配置的GAV--> <groupId>com.kuang</groupId> <artifactId>javaweb-01-maven</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--Package:项目的打包方式 jar:java应用 war:JavaWeb应用 --> <packaging>war</packaging> <!--配置--> <properties> <!--项目的默认构建编码--> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <!--编码版本--> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <!--项目依赖--> <dependencies> <!--具体依赖的jar包配置文件--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <!--项目构建用的东西--> <build> <finalName>javaweb-01-maven</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.wan</groupId> <artifactId>JavaWeb-Maven02</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <!--添加项目依赖--> <dependencies> <!-- 具体项目jar依赖的配置文件--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
maven资源导出问题
解决方案:
<!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题--> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/resources</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.properties</include> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> <filtering>true</filtering> </resource> </resources> </build>
生成目录树
Maven 3.6.3
解决方法:降级为3.6.2
如果问题还没有解决就继续降级
Tomcat闪退
找到tomcat的bin目录下的catalina.bat配置文件用记事本打开查看,是否能连接到java环境,或者添加pause语句查找问题
E:/JavaWeb/apache-tomcat-9.0.33/bin
IDEA中每次都要重复配置Maven
不用进项目,在IDEA右下角点击configure进去配置
在IDEA中的全局默认配置中去配置
Maven项目中Tomcat无法配置
maven默认web项目中的web.xml版本问题
替换为webapp4.0版本和tomcat一致
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0" metadata-complete="true"> </web-app>
Maven仓库的使用(搜索相关jar包)
地址: https://mvnrepository.com/
搜索jar包依据:
import java.io. ;
import javax.servlet. ;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
Source Code for HelloWorld Example import java.io.*; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println("<html>"); out.println("<head>"); out.println("<title>Hello World!</title>"); out.println("</head>"); out.println("<body>"); out.println("<h1>Hello World!</h1>"); out.println("</body>"); out.println("</html>"); } }