初始化阶段:读取 XML 配置文件和注解中的配置信息,创建配置对象,并完成各个模块的初始化的工作,这么简单的几行代码,背后到底做了多少事情呢
// --------------------第一阶段--------------------------- // 1.读取mybatis配置文件创建SqlSessionFactory String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); inputStream.close(); 复制代码
MyBatis 在加载配置信息是大量使用了 建造者模式 ,让复杂的对象构建起来更简单,流式编程(链式编程)是建造者模式比较好的体现
Configuration:实例化并初始化 Configuration 对象是第一个阶段的最终目的,将 xml 文件中的信息解析成这个对象对应的属性
需要特别注意的是 Configuration 对象在 MyBatis 中是单例的,生命周期是应用级的,换 句话说只要 MyBatis 运行 Configuration 对象就会独一无二的存在
在 MyBatis 中仅在 org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder#XMLConfigBuilder
中有实例化 Configuration 对象的代码,如下:
private XMLConfigBuilder(XPathParser parser, String environment, Properties props) { // 仅在此处实例化一个Configuration super(new Configuration()); ErrorContext.instance().resource("SQL Mapper Configuration"); this.configuration.setVariables(props); this.parsed = false; this.environment = environment; this.parser = parser; } 复制代码
可以把第一阶段加载过程分为4个步骤
通过 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 建造 SqlSessionFactory,并创建 XMLConfigBuilder 对 象读取 MyBatis 核心配置文件,方法: org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder#build
public class SqlSessionFactoryBuilder { public SqlSessionFactory build(Reader reader, String environment, Properties properties) { try { // 读取配置文件 XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(reader, environment, properties); // 解析配置文件得到configuration对象,并返回SqlSessionFactory return build(parser.parse()); } catch (Exception e) { throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e); } finally { ErrorContext.instance().reset(); try { reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { // Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error. } } } // 省略其他代码 } 复制代码
进入 XMLConfigBuilder 的 parse 方法,然后调用核心配置方法 parseConfiguration 方法,对 MyBatis 核心配置文件的各个元素进行解析,读取元素信息后填充到 configuration 对象。在 XMLConfigBuilder 的mapperElement()方法中通过 XMLMapperBuilder 读取所有 mapper.xml 文件
具体方法: org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder#parseConfiguration
public class XMLConfigBuilder extends BaseBuilder { public Configuration parse() { if (parsed) { throw new BuilderException("Each XMLConfigBuilder can only be used once."); } parsed = true; parseConfiguration(parser.evalNode("/configuration")); return configuration; } private void parseConfiguration(XNode root) { try { // issue #117 read properties first // 解析<properties>节点 propertiesElement(root.evalNode("properties")); // 解析<settings>节点 Properties settings = settingsAsProperties(root.evalNode("settings")); loadCustomVfs(settings); loadCustomLogImpl(settings); // 解析<typeAliases>节点 typeAliasesElement(root.evalNode("typeAliases")); // 解析<plugins>节点 pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins")); // 解析<objectFactory>节点 objectFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectFactory")); // 解析<objectWrapperFactory>节点 objectWrapperFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectWrapperFactory")); // 解析<reflectorFactory>节点 reflectorFactoryElement(root.evalNode("reflectorFactory")); // 将settings填充到configuration settingsElement(settings); // read it after objectFactory and objectWrapperFactory issue #631 // 解析<environments>节点 environmentsElement(root.evalNode("environments")); // 解析<databaseIdProvider>节点 databaseIdProviderElement(root.evalNode("databaseIdProvider")); // 解析<typeHandlers>节点 typeHandlerElement(root.evalNode("typeHandlers")); // 解析<mappers>节点,并且生成XMLMapperBuilder对象 mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers")); } catch (Exception e) { throw new BuilderException("Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: " + e, e); } } /** * 解析<mappers>节点,并且生成XMLMapperBuilder对象,同时调用解析mapper文件 */ private void mapperElement(XNode parent) throws Exception { if (parent != null) { // 处理mapper子节点 for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) { if ("package".equals(child.getName())) { // package子节点 String mapperPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name"); configuration.addMappers(mapperPackage); } else { // 获取<mapper>节点的resource、url或mClass属性这三个属性互斥 String resource = child.getStringAttribute("resource"); String url = child.getStringAttribute("url"); String mapperClass = child.getStringAttribute("class"); if (resource != null && url == null && mapperClass == null) { // 如果resource不为空 ErrorContext.instance().resource(resource); // 加载mapper文件 InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); // 实例化XMLMapperBuilder解析mapper映射文件 XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, resource, configuration.getSqlFragments()); mapperParser.parse(); } else if (resource == null && url != null && mapperClass == null) { // 如果url不为空 ErrorContext.instance().resource(url); // 加载mapper文件 InputStream inputStream = Resources.getUrlAsStream(url); // 实例化XMLMapperBuilder解析mapper映射文件 XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, url, configuration.getSqlFragments()); mapperParser.parse(); } else if (resource == null && url == null && mapperClass != null) { // 如果class不为空 // 加载class对象 Class<?> mapperInterface = Resources.classForName(mapperClass); // 向代理中心注册mapper configuration.addMapper(mapperInterface); } else { throw new BuilderException("A mapper element may only specify a url, resource or class, but not more than one."); } } } } } // 省略其他代码 } 复制代码
通过第二步,可以看到 mapperParser.parse() 这个调用,点击去看一下,看到了核心配置方法 XMLMapperBuilder 的核心方法为 configurationElement,该方法对 mapper.xml 配置文件的各个元素进行解析,读取元素信息后填充到 configuration 对象
具体方法: org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLMapperBuilder#configurationElement
public class XMLMapperBuilder extends BaseBuilder { public void parse() { // 判断是否已经加载该配置文件 if (!configuration.isResourceLoaded(resource)) { // 处理mapper节点 configurationElement(parser.evalNode("/mapper")); // 将mapper文件添加到configuration.loadedResources中 configuration.addLoadedResource(resource); // 注册mapper接口 bindMapperForNamespace(); } // 处理解析失败的ResultMap节点 parsePendingResultMaps(); // 处理解析失败的CacheRef节点 parsePendingCacheRefs(); // 处理解析失败的Sql语句节点 parsePendingStatements(); } private void configurationElement(XNode context) { try { // 获取mapper节点的namespace属性 String namespace = context.getStringAttribute("namespace"); if (namespace == null || namespace.isEmpty()) { throw new BuilderException("Mapper's namespace cannot be empty"); } // 设置builderAssistant的namespace属性 builderAssistant.setCurrentNamespace(namespace); // 解析cache-ref节点(二级缓存的引用空间) cacheRefElement(context.evalNode("cache-ref")); // 解析cache节点 cacheElement(context.evalNode("cache")); // 解析parameterMap节点(已废弃) parameterMapElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/parameterMap")); // 解析resultMap节点 resultMapElements(context.evalNodes("/mapper/resultMap")); // 解析sql节点<sql></sql> sqlElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/sql")); // 解析select、insert、update、delete节点,这里面创建 XMLStatmentBuilder buildStatementFromContext(context.evalNodes("select|insert|update|delete")); } catch (Exception e) { throw new BuilderException("Error parsing Mapper XML. The XML location is '" + resource + "'. Cause: " + e, e); } } /** * 这个方法解开了之前二级缓存装饰器的设置谜题 */ private void cacheElement(XNode context) throws Exception { if (context != null) { //获取cache节点的type属性,默认为PERPETUAL String type = context.getStringAttribute("type", "PERPETUAL"); //找到type对应的cache接口的实现 Class<? extends Cache> typeClass = typeAliasRegistry.resolveAlias(type); //读取eviction属性,即缓存的淘汰策略,默认LRU String eviction = context.getStringAttribute("eviction", "LRU"); //根据eviction属性,找到装饰器 Class<? extends Cache> evictionClass = typeAliasRegistry.resolveAlias(eviction); //读取flushInterval属性,即缓存的刷新周期 Long flushInterval = context.getLongAttribute("flushInterval"); //读取size属性,即缓存的容量大小 Integer size = context.getIntAttribute("size"); //读取readOnly属性,即缓存的是否只读 boolean readWrite = !context.getBooleanAttribute("readOnly", false); //读取blocking属性,即缓存的是否阻塞 boolean blocking = context.getBooleanAttribute("blocking", false); Properties props = context.getChildrenAsProperties(); //通过builderAssistant创建缓存对象,并添加至configuration builderAssistant.useNewCache(typeClass, evictionClass, flushInterval, size, readWrite, blocking, props); } } /** * resultMap的解析 */ private ResultMap resultMapElement(XNode resultMapNode, List<ResultMapping> additionalResultMappings, Class<?> enclosingType) { ErrorContext.instance().activity("processing " + resultMapNode.getValueBasedIdentifier()); // 获取resultmap节点的id属性 String id = resultMapNode.getStringAttribute("id", resultMapNode.getValueBasedIdentifier()); // 获取resultmap节点的type属性 String type = resultMapNode.getStringAttribute("type", resultMapNode.getStringAttribute("ofType", resultMapNode.getStringAttribute("resultType", resultMapNode.getStringAttribute("javaType")))); // 获取resultmap节点的extends属性,描述继承关系 String extend = resultMapNode.getStringAttribute("extends"); // 获取resultmap节点的autoMapping属性,是否开启自动映射 Boolean autoMapping = resultMapNode.getBooleanAttribute("autoMapping"); // 从别名注册中心获取entity的class对象 Class<?> typeClass = resolveClass(type); Discriminator discriminator = null; // 记录子节点中的映射结果集合 List<ResultMapping> resultMappings = new ArrayList<>(); resultMappings.addAll(additionalResultMappings); // 从xml文件中获取当前resultmap中的所有子节点,并开始遍历 List<XNode> resultChildren = resultMapNode.getChildren(); for (XNode resultChild : resultChildren) { if ("constructor".equals(resultChild.getName())) { // 处理<constructor>节点 processConstructorElement(resultChild, typeClass, resultMappings); } else if ("discriminator".equals(resultChild.getName())) { // 处理<discriminator>节点 discriminator = processDiscriminatorElement(resultChild, typeClass, resultMappings); } else { // 处理<id> <result> <association> <collection>节点 List<ResultFlag> flags = new ArrayList<>(); if ("id".equals(resultChild.getName())) { // 如果是id节点,向flags中添加元素 flags.add(ResultFlag.ID); } // 创建ResultMapping对象并加入resultMappings集合中 resultMappings.add(buildResultMappingFromContext(resultChild, typeClass, flags)); } } // 实例化resultMap解析器 ResultMapResolver resultMapResolver = new ResultMapResolver(builderAssistant, id, typeClass, extend, discriminator, resultMappings, autoMapping); try { // 通过resultMap解析器实例化resultMap并将其注册到configuration对象 return resultMapResolver.resolve(); } catch (IncompleteElementException e) { configuration.addIncompleteResultMap(resultMapResolver); throw e; } } // 省略其他代码 } 复制代码
在 XMLStatmentBuilder 的 parseStatementNode 方法中,对 Mapper.xml 中 select、 insert、update、delete 节点进行解析,并调用 MapperBuilderAssistant 负责将信息填充到 configuration
在理解 parseStatementNod()方法之前,有必要了解 MappedStatement,这个类用于封装 select、insert、update、delete 节点的信息
具体方法: org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLStatementBuilder#parseStatementNode
public class XMLStatementBuilder extends BaseBuilder { public void parseStatementNode() { // 获取sql节点的id String id = context.getStringAttribute("id"); String databaseId = context.getStringAttribute("databaseId"); if (!databaseIdMatchesCurrent(id, databaseId, this.requiredDatabaseId)) { return; } // 根据sql节点的名称获取SqlCommandType(INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, SELECT) String nodeName = context.getNode().getNodeName(); SqlCommandType sqlCommandType = SqlCommandType.valueOf(nodeName.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH)); boolean isSelect = sqlCommandType == SqlCommandType.SELECT; boolean flushCache = context.getBooleanAttribute("flushCache", !isSelect); boolean useCache = context.getBooleanAttribute("useCache", isSelect); boolean resultOrdered = context.getBooleanAttribute("resultOrdered", false); // Include Fragments before parsing // 在解析sql语句之前先解析<include>节点 XMLIncludeTransformer includeParser = new XMLIncludeTransformer(configuration, builderAssistant); includeParser.applyIncludes(context.getNode()); // 获取节点parameterType String parameterType = context.getStringAttribute("parameterType"); Class<?> parameterTypeClass = resolveClass(parameterType); String lang = context.getStringAttribute("lang"); LanguageDriver langDriver = getLanguageDriver(lang); // Parse selectKey after includes and remove them. //在解析sql语句之前,处理<selectKey>子节点,并在xml节点中删除 processSelectKeyNodes(id, parameterTypeClass, langDriver); // Parse the SQL (pre: <selectKey> and <include> were parsed and removed) // 根据<selectKey>获取对应的SelectKeyGenerator的id KeyGenerator keyGenerator; String keyStatementId = id + SelectKeyGenerator.SELECT_KEY_SUFFIX; keyStatementId = builderAssistant.applyCurrentNamespace(keyStatementId, true); // 获取keyGenerator对象,如果是insert类型的sql语句,会使用KeyGenerator接口获取数据库生产的id; if (configuration.hasKeyGenerator(keyStatementId)) { keyGenerator = configuration.getKeyGenerator(keyStatementId); } else { keyGenerator = context.getBooleanAttribute("useGeneratedKeys", configuration.isUseGeneratedKeys() && SqlCommandType.INSERT.equals(sqlCommandType)) ? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE; } // 获取一堆节点参数 SqlSource sqlSource = langDriver.createSqlSource(configuration, context, parameterTypeClass); StatementType statementType = StatementType.valueOf(context.getStringAttribute("statementType", StatementType.PREPARED.toString())); Integer fetchSize = context.getIntAttribute("fetchSize"); Integer timeout = context.getIntAttribute("timeout"); String parameterMap = context.getStringAttribute("parameterMap"); String resultType = context.getStringAttribute("resultType"); Class<?> resultTypeClass = resolveClass(resultType); String resultMap = context.getStringAttribute("resultMap"); String resultSetType = context.getStringAttribute("resultSetType"); ResultSetType resultSetTypeEnum = resolveResultSetType(resultSetType); if (resultSetTypeEnum == null) { resultSetTypeEnum = configuration.getDefaultResultSetType(); } String keyProperty = context.getStringAttribute("keyProperty"); String keyColumn = context.getStringAttribute("keyColumn"); String resultSets = context.getStringAttribute("resultSets"); // 通过builderAssistant实例化MappedStatement,并注册至configuration对象 builderAssistant.addMappedStatement(id, sqlSource, statementType, sqlCommandType, fetchSize, timeout, parameterMap, parameterTypeClass, resultMap, resultTypeClass, resultSetTypeEnum, flushCache, useCache, resultOrdered, keyGenerator, keyProperty, keyColumn, databaseId, langDriver, resultSets); } // 省略其他代码 } 复制代码
看完了流程,发现其实是一个无限套娃,然后将解析结果设置到 Configuration 对象的过程