上一篇我们介绍了在使用JdbcTemplate来做数据访问时候的多数据源配置实现。接下来我们继续学习如何在使用Spring Data JPA的时候,完成多数据源的配置和使用。
先在Spring Boot的配置文件 application.properties
中设置两个你要链接的数据库配置,比如这样:
spring.datasource.primary.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test1 spring.datasource.primary.username=root spring.datasource.primary.password=123456 spring.datasource.primary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.secondary.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test2 spring.datasource.secondary.username=root spring.datasource.secondary.password=123456 spring.datasource.secondary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver # 日志打印执行的SQL spring.jpa.show-sql=true # Hibernate的DDL策略 spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop
这里除了JPA自身相关的配置之外,与JdbcTemplate配置时候的数据源配置完全是一致的
spring.datasource
之后多设置一个数据源名称 primary
和 secondary
来区分不同的数据源配置,这个前缀将在后续初始化数据源的时候用到。 spring.datasource.secondary.jdbc-url
,而1.x版本使用 spring.datasource.secondary.url
。如果你在配置的时候发生了这个报错 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: jdbcUrl is required with driverClassName.
,那么就是这个配置项的问题。 完成多数据源的配置信息之后,就来创建个配置类来加载这些配置信息,初始化数据源,以及初始化每个数据源要用的JdbcTemplate。
由于JPA的配置要比JdbcTemplate的负责很多,所以我们将配置拆分一下来处理:
@Configuration public class DataSourceConfiguration { @Primary @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary") public DataSource primaryDataSource() { return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary") public DataSource secondaryDataSource() { return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } }
可以看到内容跟JdbcTemplate时候是一模一样的。通过 @ConfigurationProperties
可以知道这两个数据源分别加载了 spring.datasource.primary.*
和 spring.datasource.secondary.*
的配置。 @Primary
注解指定了主数据源,就是当我们不特别指定哪个数据源的时候,就会使用这个Bean真正差异部分在下面的JPA配置上。
Primary数据源的JPA配置:
@Configuration @EnableTransactionManagement @EnableJpaRepositories( entityManagerFactoryRef="entityManagerFactoryPrimary", transactionManagerRef="transactionManagerPrimary", basePackages= { "com.didispace.chapter38.p" }) //设置Repository所在位置 public class PrimaryConfig { @Autowired @Qualifier("primaryDataSource") private DataSource primaryDataSource; @Autowired private JpaProperties jpaProperties; @Autowired private HibernateProperties hibernateProperties; private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() { return hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.getProperties(), new HibernateSettings()); } @Primary @Bean(name = "entityManagerPrimary") public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager(); } @Primary @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary") public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryPrimary (EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return builder .dataSource(primaryDataSource) .packages("com.didispace.chapter38.p") //设置实体类所在位置 .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit") .properties(getVendorProperties()) .build(); } @Primary @Bean(name = "transactionManagerPrimary") public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject()); } }
Secondary数据源的JPA配置:
@Configuration @EnableTransactionManagement @EnableJpaRepositories( entityManagerFactoryRef="entityManagerFactorySecondary", transactionManagerRef="transactionManagerSecondary", basePackages= { "com.didispace.chapter38.s" }) //设置Repository所在位置 public class SecondaryConfig { @Autowired @Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") private DataSource secondaryDataSource; @Autowired private JpaProperties jpaProperties; @Autowired private HibernateProperties hibernateProperties; private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() { return hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.getProperties(), new HibernateSettings()); } @Bean(name = "entityManagerSecondary") public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager(); } @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactorySecondary") public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactorySecondary (EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return builder .dataSource(secondaryDataSource) .packages("com.didispace.chapter38.s") //设置实体类所在位置 .persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit") .properties(getVendorProperties()) .build(); } @Bean(name = "transactionManagerSecondary") PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) { return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject()); } }
@EnableJpaRepositories LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean
完成了上面之后,我们就可以写个测试类来尝试一下上面的多数据源配置是否正确了,比如下面这样:
@Slf4j @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class Chapter38ApplicationTests { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; @Autowired private MessageRepository messageRepository; @Test public void test() throws Exception { userRepository.save(new User("aaa", 10)); userRepository.save(new User("bbb", 20)); userRepository.save(new User("ccc", 30)); userRepository.save(new User("ddd", 40)); userRepository.save(new User("eee", 50)); Assert.assertEquals(5, userRepository.findAll().size()); messageRepository.save(new Message("o1", "aaaaaaaaaa")); messageRepository.save(new Message("o2", "bbbbbbbbbb")); messageRepository.save(new Message("o3", "cccccccccc")); Assert.assertEquals(3, messageRepository.findAll().size()); } }
本文的相关例子可以查看下面仓库中的 chapter3-8
目录:
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