jvm的参数类型分为三类,分别是:
-help
-version
-Xint
-Xcomp
-XX:newSize
-XX:+UseSerialGC
jvm的标准参数,一般都是很稳定的,在未来的JVM版本中不会改变,可以使用java -help
检索出所有的标准参数。
[liuyh@VMcentos jdk1.8.0_231]$ java -help
Usage: java [-options] class [args...]
(to execute a class)
or java [-options] -jar jarfile [args...]
(to execute a jar file)
where options include:
-d32 use a 32-bit data model if available
-d64 use a 64-bit data model if available
-server to select the "server" VM
The default VM is server.
-cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
-classpath <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
A : separated list of directories, JAR archives,
and ZIP archives to search for class files.
-D<name>=<value>
set a system property
-verbose:[class|gc|jni]
enable verbose output
-version print product version and exit
-version:<value>
Warning: this feature is deprecated and will be removed
in a future release.
require the specified version to run
-showversion print product version and continue
-jre-restrict-search | -no-jre-restrict-search
Warning: this feature is deprecated and will be removed
in a future release.
include/exclude user private JREs in the version search
-? -help print this help message
-X print help on non-standard options
-ea[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
-enableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
enable assertions with specified granularity
-da[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
-disableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
disable assertions with specified granularity
-esa | -enablesystemassertions
enable system assertions
-dsa | -disablesystemassertions
disable system assertions
-agentlib:<libname>[=<options>]
load native agent library <libname>, e.g. -agentlib:hprof
see also, -agentlib:jdwp=help and -agentlib:hprof=help
-agentpath:<pathname>[=<options>]
load native agent library by full pathname
-javaagent:<jarpath>[=<options>]
load Java programming language agent, see java.lang.instrument
-splash:<imagepath>
show splash screen with specified image
See http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/index.html for more details.
指定程序是运行在32位还是64位环境。 java -version
命令可以查看到默认的运行环境(64-Bit):
[liuyh@VMcentos jdk1.8.0_231]$ java -version java version "1.8.0_231" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_231-b11) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.231-b11, mixed mode)
可以通过-server或-client设置jvm的运行参数。 java -version
命令可以查看到默认的运行环境(Server VM):
[liuyh@VMcentos jdk1.8.0_231]$ java -version java version "1.8.0_231" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_231-b11) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.231-b11, mixed mode)
public class JVMTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String test = System.getProperty("test");
if (test == null) {
System.out.println("系统属性test为空");
} else {
System.out.println("系统属性test= "+test);
}
}
}
启动参数VM option增加 -Dtest=20200406
,运行后结果为
系统属性test= 20200406
jvm的-X参数是非标准参数,在不同版本的jvm中,参数可能会有所不同,可以通过java -
X查看非标准参数。
[liuyh@VMcentos jdk1.8.0_231]$ java -X
-Xmixed mixed mode execution (default)
-Xint interpreted mode execution only
-Xbootclasspath:<directories and zip/jar files separated by :>
set search path for bootstrap classes and resources
-Xbootclasspath/a:<directories and zip/jar files separated by :>
append to end of bootstrap class path
-Xbootclasspath/p:<directories and zip/jar files separated by :>
prepend in front of bootstrap class path
-Xdiag show additional diagnostic messages
-Xnoclassgc disable class garbage collection
-Xincgc enable incremental garbage collection
-Xloggc:<file> log GC status to a file with time stamps
-Xbatch disable background compilation
-Xms<size> set initial Java heap size
-Xmx<size> set maximum Java heap size
-Xss<size> set java thread stack size
-Xprof output cpu profiling data
-Xfuture enable strictest checks, anticipating future default
-Xrs reduce use of OS signals by Java/VM (see documentation)
-Xcheck:jni perform additional checks for JNI functions
-Xshare:off do not attempt to use shared class data
-Xshare:auto use shared class data if possible (default)
-Xshare:on require using shared class data, otherwise fail.
-XshowSettings show all settings and continue
-XshowSettings:all
show all settings and continue
-XshowSettings:vm show all vm related settings and continue
-XshowSettings:properties
show all property settings and continue
-XshowSettings:locale
show all locale related settings and continue
The -X options are non-standard and subject to change without notice.
-Xms与-Xmx分别是设置jvm的堆内存的初始大小和最大大小。
-Xmx2048m:等价于-XX:MaxHeapSize,设置JVM最大堆内存为2048M。
-Xms512m:等价于-XX:InitialHeapSize,设置JVM初始堆内存为1024M。
[liuyh@VMcentos jvm]$ java -Xms1024m -Xmx2048m JVMTest 系统属性test为空
这些参数可以被松散的聚合成三类:
-XX参数的使用有2种方式,一种是boolean类型,一种是非boolean类型:
格式:-XX:[±]
如:-XX:+DisableExplicitGC 表示禁用手动调用gc操作,也就是说调用System.gc()无效
格式:-XX:
如:-XX:NewRatio=1 表示新生代和老年代的比值
使用java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version打印运行参数
结果中参数有boolean类型和数字类型,值的操作符是=或:=,分别代
表默认值和被修改的值。
[liuyh@VMcentos jvm]$ jps -l 6882 sun.tools.jps.Jps 1612 /home/liuyh/apache-activemq-5.15.11//bin/activemq.jar [liuyh@VMcentos jvm]$ jinfo -flag MaxHeapSize 1612 -XX:MaxHeapSize=1073741824