Spring Boot获取文件总的来说有三种方式,分别是@Value注解,@ConfigurationProperties注解和Environment接口。这三种注解可以配合着@PropertySource来使用,@PropertySource主要是用来指定具体的配置文件。
@Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Repeatable(PropertySources.class) public @interface PropertySource { String name() default ""; String[] value(); boolean ignoreResourceNotFound() default false; String encoding() default ""; Class<? extends PropertySourceFactory> factory() default PropertySourceFactory.class; }
新建两个配置文件config.properties和configs.properties,分别写入如下内容:
zhbin.config.web-configs.name=Java旅途 zhbin.config.web-configs.age=22
zhbin.config.web-configs.name=Java旅途 zhbin.config.web-configs.age=18
新增一个类用来读取配置文件
@Configuration @PropertySource(value = {"classpath:config.properties"},encoding="gbk") public class GetProperties { @Value("${zhbin.config.web-configs.name}") private String name; @Value("${zhbin.config.web-configs.age}") private String age; public String getConfig() { return name+"-----"+age; } }
如果想要读取yml文件,则我们需要重写DefaultPropertySourceFactory,让其加载yml文件,然后在注解
@PropertySource上自定factory。代码如下:
public class YmlConfigFactory extends DefaultPropertySourceFactory { @Override public PropertySource<?> createPropertySource(String name, EncodedResource resource) throws IOException { String sourceName = name != null ? name : resource.getResource().getFilename(); if (!resource.getResource().exists()) { return new PropertiesPropertySource(sourceName, new Properties()); } else if (sourceName.endsWith(".yml") || sourceName.endsWith(".yaml")) { Properties propertiesFromYaml = loadYml(resource); return new PropertiesPropertySource(sourceName, propertiesFromYaml); } else { return super.createPropertySource(name, resource); } } private Properties loadYml(EncodedResource resource) throws IOException { YamlPropertiesFactoryBean factory = new YamlPropertiesFactoryBean(); factory.setResources(resource.getResource()); factory.afterPropertiesSet(); return factory.getObject(); } }
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:config.properties"},encoding="gbk",factory = YmlConfigFactory.class)
配置文件我们继续用上面的两个,定义一个类去读取配置文件
@Configuration @PropertySource(value = {"classpath:config.properties"},encoding="gbk") public class GetProperties { @Autowired Environment environment; public String getEnvConfig(){ String name = environment.getProperty("zhbin.config.web-configs.name"); String age = environment.getProperty("zhbin.config.web-configs.age"); return name+"-----"+age; } }
@ConfigurationProperties可以将配置文件直接映射成一个实体类,然后我们可以直接操作实体类来获取配置文件相关数据。
新建一个yml文件,当然properties文件也没问题
zhbin: config: web-configs: name: Java旅途 age: 20
新建实体类用来映射该配置
@Component @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "zhbin.config") @Data public class StudentYml { // webConfigs务必与配置文件相对应,写为驼峰命名方式 private WebConfigs webConfigs = new WebConfigs(); @Data public static class WebConfigs { private String name; private String age; } }
如果需要获取list集合,则做以下修改即可。
zhbin: config: web-configs: - name: Java旅途 age: 20 - name: Java旅途2 age: 202
@Component @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "zhbin.config") @Data public class StudentYml { private List<WebConfigs> webConfigs = new ArrayList<>(); @Data public static class WebConfigs { private String name; private String age; } }