public class Result {
private String value;
public String getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(String value) {
this.value = value;
}
}
public class WorkThread extends Thread {
private Result result ;
public void init(Result result) {
this.result = result;
}
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000*10);//模拟程序执行
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
result.setValue("线程执行完毕,输出结果");
}
}
public class MainThread {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Result result = new Result();
WorkThread workThread = new WorkThread();
workThread.init(result);
System.out.println("线程启动");
workThread.start();
System.out.println("线程等待");
// 等待work线程运行完再继续运行
workThread.join();
System.out.println("线程执行结果:"+result.getValue());
}
}
线程启动 线程等待 线程执行结果:线程执行完毕,输出结果
public class WorkThread extends Thread {
private Vector<Result> vectors ;
private CountDownLatch countDownLatch;
public WorkThread(CountDownLatch countDownLatch) {
this.countDownLatch=countDownLatch;
}
public void init(Vector<Result> vectors) {
this.vectors = vectors;
}
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000*3);//模拟程序执行
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
Result result = new Result();
result.setValue(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程执行完毕,输出结果");
vectors.add(result);//结果放入Vector中
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}
public class MainThread {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Vector<Result> vectors = new Vector<Result>();//定义一个Vector做为存储返回结果的容器;
final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(5);
// 启动多个工作线程
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
WorkThread workThread = new WorkThread(countDownLatch);
workThread.init(vectors);
workThread.start();
}
System.out.println("主线程等待工作线程执行");
countDownLatch.await();
for (int i=0; i<vectors.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(vectors.get(i).getValue());
}
}
}
主线程等待工作线程执行
Thread-0线程执行完毕,输出结果
Thread-1线程执行完毕,输出结果
Thread-2线程执行完毕,输出结果
Thread-4线程执行完毕,输出结果
Thread-3线程执行完毕,输出结果
使用Future,包括 FutureTask、CompletionService、CompletableFuture等
首先我们使用Future配合线程池,获取线程池执行线程的返回结果 定义一个实现Callable接口的工作线程public class WorkThread implements Callable<Result> {
public Result call() throws Exception {
Thread.sleep(5000);
Result result = new Result();
result.setValue(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程执行完毕,输出结果");
return result;
}
}
public class MainThread {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
ExecutorService taskPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 15, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(10), new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
Future<Result> future = taskPool.submit(new WorkThread());
System.out.println("线程池执行工作线程");
Result result = future.get();//注意这里get操作是阻塞,future仍属于同步返回,主线程需要阻塞等待结果返回
//result = future.get(3,TimeUnit.SECONDS);//设置阻塞超时时间
System.out.println(result.getValue());
}
}
public class WorkThread implements Callable<Result>{
int num;//线程编号
public WorkThread(int num) {
this.num=num;
}
public Result call() throws InterruptedException {
int count = num;
if(count%2==0) {//编号为偶数的线程阻塞3秒钟
Thread.sleep(3*1000);
}
Result result = new Result();
result.setValue(num+"号线程执行完毕,输出结果");
return result;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
ExecutorService exec = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),
new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
//定义一个阻塞队列
BlockingQueue<Future<Result>> futureQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Future<Result>>();
//传入ExecutorService与阻塞队列,构造一个completionService
CompletionService<Result> completionService = new ExecutorCompletionService<Result>(
exec,futureQueue);
for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
completionService.submit(new WorkThread(i));
}
for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
Result res = completionService.take().get();//注意阻塞队列take操作,如果获取不到数据时处于阻塞状态的
System.out.println(new Date()+ "--"+res.getValue());
}
}
}
Sun Apr 11 18:38:46 CST 2021--3号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:46 CST 2021--1号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:46 CST 2021--7号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:46 CST 2021--9号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:46 CST 2021--5号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:49 CST 2021--2号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:49 CST 2021--4号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:49 CST 2021--0号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:49 CST 2021--8号线程执行完毕,输出结果 Sun Apr 11 18:38:49 CST 2021--6号线程执行完毕,输出结果
public class Container {
public static ArrayBlockingQueue<Result> arrayBlockingQueue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(100);//这里最好根据系统负载量评估一个阈值,避免OOM问题
}
public class ProducerThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000*3);//模拟程序执行
Result result = new Result();
result.setValue(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程执行完毕,输出结果");
Container.arrayBlockingQueue.put(result);//超过阻塞队列最大阈值时阻塞,一直阻塞
// if(!Container.arrayBlockingQueue.offer(result, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {//规定时间内数据入队失败
// System.err.println("数据入队失败");
// }
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public class ConsumerThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
while (!this.isInterrupted()) {
try {
Result result = Container.arrayBlockingQueue.take();//有数据就消费,没有就阻塞等待
System.out.println(result.getValue());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public class MainThread {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService exec = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 20, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(5), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),
new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
for(int i=0;i<100;i++) {//使用线程池模拟生成者生产数据
exec.execute(new ProducerThread());
}
for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {//启动两个消费者线程
new ConsumerThread().start();
}
}
}
pool-1-thread-13线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-2线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-1线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-10线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-9线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-15线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-4线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-5线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-8线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-12线程执行完毕,输出结果
pool-1-thread-16线程执行完毕,输出结果
.....................................................
.....................................................
public interface CallBack {
void notice(Result result);
}
public class WorkThread implements Runnable{
int num;//线程编号
CallBack callBack;
public WorkThread(CallBack callBack, int num) {
this.num=num;
this.callBack = callBack;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
Thread.sleep((10-num)*1000);//模拟程序运行时间,倒序输出
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
Result result = new Result();
result.setValue(num+"号线程执行完毕,输出结果");
callBack.notice(result);
}
}
public class MainThread implements CallBack {
public void run(int num) {
WorkThread workThread = new WorkThread(this,num);
new Thread(workThread).start();
}
@Override
public void notice(Result result) {
System.out.println("返回结果:"+result.getValue());
}
}
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MainThread mainThread = new MainThread();
for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
mainThread.run(i);
}
System.out.println("继续执行,表示异步操作");
}
}
继续执行,表示异步操作 返回结果:9号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:8号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:7号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:6号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:5号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:4号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:3号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:2号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:1号线程执行完毕,输出结果 返回结果:0号线程执行完毕,输出结果
public class WorkThread {
public static Result call(int num) throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(5*1000);//模拟程序执行时间
Result result = new Result();
result.setValue(String.valueOf(num));
return result;
}
}
public class MainThread {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> reslist = new ArrayList<String>();
ExecutorService exs = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);//定义一个线程池
List<CompletableFuture<Result>> futureList = new ArrayList<>();
try {
for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
final int k = i;
CompletableFuture<Result> future=CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(()->{
try {
return WorkThread.call(k);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
},exs).thenApply(e->mul(e)).whenComplete((v, e) -> {//thenApply 里面执行就是回调函数CallBack
System.out.println("线程"+k+"完成! 结果:"+v.getValue()+",异常 :"+e+","+new Date());
reslist.add(v.getValue());
});
futureList.add(future);//聚合返回结果
}
System.out.println("继续执行,表示异步操作");
}catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
public static Result mul(Result result){
try {
Integer val = Integer.valueOf(result.getValue())*2;
result.setValue(val.toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}
直接输出,标识异步操作
线程9完成! 结果:18,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程2完成! 结果:4,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程5完成! 结果:10,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程1完成! 结果:2,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程6完成! 结果:12,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程3完成! 结果:6,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程0完成! 结果:0,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程4完成! 结果:8,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程8完成! 结果:16,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021
线程7完成! 结果:14,异常 :null,Sun Apr 18 17:27:29 CST 2021